Alfred Andrea received his Ph.D. from Cornell University. He is Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Vermont, where he taught from 1967 through 2001. His initial training focused on medieval European history, with an emphasis on Byzantine-Western relations and the Crusades. He has since published three books on the Crusades, as well as numerous articles on a variety of historical issues. Dr. Andrea is also the author of THE MEDIEVAL RECORD, a primary source reader published by Houghton Mifflin (1997). In 2002 he was Distinguished Scholar-in-Residence at the University of Louisvil...