Initiating Students into Literary Study A Brief History of English Studies This Book’s Form and Philosophy
Preface to the Second Edition—to the Student: An Introduction to the Critical Conversation
What Is Academic Discourse? A Method for Learning Academic Discourse How to Use This Book
CHAPTER 1
Getting Started: From Personal Response to Field Stance
Overview Writing Is Rhetorical Documenting Your Personal Response How to Use Your Personal Response Box 1.1: Field Notes from Critical Theory andPsycholinguistics: “How We Read” Becoming a Literacy Researcher New Contexts for Reading and Writing
The Social Stance The Institutional Stance The Textual Stance
Box 1.2: Field Notes from Composition Studies: The Five-Paragraph Theme
The Field Stance
Summary: Why It Is so Important to Become Aware of All Four Stances Box 1.3: Field Notes from Linguistics: The Effect of Context on Reading An Interview with a Literary Critic Exercises
CHAPTER 2
Reading and Responding to Stephen Crane’s “The Bride Comesto Yellow Sky”
Overview Response Notes The Critical Conversation Box 2.1: Field Notes from Literary Criticism: How Readers Have Responded to Crane’s “The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky” “Fielding” Some Questions Exercises
CHAPTER 3
Writing the Critical Essay: Form and the Critical Process
Overview Form Box 3.1: Field Notes from the Visual Arts: Visual Mapping Exercises How to Move from an “F” to an “A”: Modelling the Process
Writing and Rewriting Commentary
The Six Common Places of Literary Criticism
Contemptus Mundi and Complexity Appearance/Reality Everywhereness Paradigm Paradox
Critical Approaches
Formalism: New Criticism and Deconstruction Reader-Response Criticism Cultural Criticism
Finding a Place for Your Interpretation in the CriticalConversation Exercises
CHAPTER 4
Model Essays
Student Essays
Michelle Demers Ryan Miller Lydia Marston
Professional Essays
Alice Farley Katherine Sutherland Harold H. Kolb, Jr.
Exercises
CHAPTER 5
Reading and Writing about Poetry
Overview Some Opening Thoughts about Poetry
“Poetry Should Not Mean / But Be”
Reading a Poem
“This Part of the Country” Entering into the Poem
An Interview with a Poet Exercises A Critical Tool Kit for Writing about Poetry
Caedmon’s Hymn Box 5.1: Field Notes from a Literary Critic: Anglo-SaxonAccentual Meter
Re-entering into the Poem
Parts of a Poem Types of Feet Types of Rhythm Types of Rhyme Types of Poetic Device
Integrating Quotations How to Move from an “F” to an “A”: Modelling theProcess
Commentary
Box 5.2: Field Notes from a Writing Teacher: Thirteen Ways ofThinking about a Poem Complete Texts for the Poems Referenced in This Chapter
“Sonnet 116” “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning” “On His Blindness” “To His Coy Mistress” “Ode on a Grecian Urn” “My Last Duchess” “Come Down, O Maid” “O Captain! My Captain!”
CHAPTER 6
Some Final Words on Writing about Literature
Four Critics Speak on Their Personal Approaches to Critical Writing
Alice Farley Katherine Sutherland Michael Jarrett Helen Gilbert