Women, Wealth, and Community in Perpignan, c. 1250-1300: Christians, Jews, and Enslaved Muslims in a Medieval Mediterranean Town

ISBN-13: 9780754608042 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 276 str.

Rebecca Lynn Winer

Opis

Women, Wealth, and Community in Perpignan, c. 1250a 1300 investigates the gender system at work in medieval Perpignan. Using a series of notarial registers a unique as surviving records for the social history of the thirteenth-century realms of Aragon and Majorca, the political confederations to which this town belonged a Rebecca L. Winer opens a window onto the experiences of women and their families. Her interpretive framework reveals medieval assumptions about the distinct natures of Christian, Jewish, and enslaved Muslim women by analyzing which actions were curbed, controlled, or fostered in these different groups. Sensitive to questions of social rank and marital status, the book departs from traditional women's history by asking how a woman's religious identity factored in determining her economic and legal options in this society. As a frontier town, Perpignan lends itself well to an analysis of relations among Christians, Jews and Muslim slaves. The later thirteenth century also provides an ideal focus for this inquiry since the politics of Christian expansion and the economics of the western Mediterranean meant that Jewish communities flourished. In contrast, Christian/Muslim relations unfolded particularly tensely due to intermittent conflict and both groups' slave trade almost exclusively in each other's people. Winer reconstructs how the members of these three communities negotiated shared space, conducting all manner of exchanges, making (endogamous) marriages, wills, commercial contracts, and arranging for the care of children whose fathers were lost to war or disease. The first section of the book focuses on women's legal status, work and control of financial resources in the two dominant communities, Christian and Jewish, across the social spectrum. It goes on to compare the ways in which mothers' relationships to their children were understood in the Christian and Jewish communities. The book concludes by entering the homes of Christian and Jewish masters to reveal the multi-faceted positions of Muslim and newly baptized slave women, whose oppression completes the picture of the gender hierarchy in Perpignan. With its analysis of how class, gender and religious difference shaped everyday practice, Women, Wealth, and Community in Perpignan, c. 1250a 1300 constitutes a major contribution to the history of inter-faith relations and medieval studies."

Recenzje

'For Winer, women are the key to decoding the mysteries of a multi-ethnic medieval community. Her important study provides fascinating and instructive contrasts of Christian and Jewish women's business practices and family situations, while her discussion of Muslim women at the bottom of the social ladder demonstrates the ways in which Mediterranean slavery in this era was a feminized and domestic institution.' Judith R. Baskin, Knight Professor of Humanities, University of Oregon ’The book contributes interestingly to our growing stock of knowledge about the considerable differences between the workings of different Mediterranean societies, not to mention the massive contrasts between northern and southern Europe, for example in the degree of female involvement in the money market.’ History ’Winer demonstrates skill at drawing conclusions from legal contracts and other documents of practice. Her use of engrossing details, and her careful yet sympathetic approach, encourage empathy with, as well as analysis of, the situations of medieval women.’ The Medieval Review ’The work is both thoughtful and perceptive... a welcome addition to the complex social history of the region.’ Speculum

Spis treści

Contents: Introduction: Gender and the three religions in medieval Perpignan; The Christian woman as daughter, wife, mother, and widow; Christian widowed mothers and guardianship; The Jewish woman as daughter, wife, and widow; Jewish widowed mothers as caregivers for their fatherless children; Inside the home: Christian servants and enslaved Muslim women; Bibliography; Index.

O autorze

Rebecca Lynn Winer is Assistant Professor at the Department of History, Villanova University, USA.