Waste to Energy Conversion Technology

ISBN-13: 9780857090119 / Angielski / Twarda / 2013 / 256 str.

Naomi Klinghoffer; Marco Castaldi

Opis

Increasing global consumerism and population has led to an increase in the levels of waste produced. Waste to energy (WTE) conversion technologies can be employed to convert residual wastes into clean energy, rather than sending these wastes directly to landfill. Waste to energy conversion technology explores the systems, technology and impacts of waste to energy conversion.

Part one provides an introduction to WTE conversion and reviews the waste hierarchy and WTE systems options along with the corresponding environmental, regulatory and techno-economic issues facing this technology. Part two goes on to explore further specific aspects of WTE systems, engineering and technology and includes chapters on municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion plants and WTE systems for district heating. Finally, part three highlights pollution control systems for waste to energy technologies.

Waste to energy conversion technology is a standard reference book for plant managers, building engineers and consultants requiring an understanding of WTE technologies, and researchers, scientists and academics interested in the field.

• Reviews the waste hierarchy and waste to energy systems options along with the environmental and social impact of WTE conversion plants
• Explores the engineering and technology behind WTE systems including considerations of municipal solid waste (MSW) its treatment, combustion and gasification
• Considers pollution control systems for WTE technologies including the transformation of wast combustion facilities from major polluters to pollution sinks

Spis treści

Contributor contact details

Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy

Foreword

Part I: Introduction to waste to energy conversion

Chapter 1: Waste to energy (WTE): an introduction

Abstract:

1.1 Energy supply and waste management

1.2 Biogenic fraction of carbon and calorific value of municipal solid waste (MSW)

1.3 Thermal treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW)

1.4 Recycling and WTE

1.5 Contents of this book

Chapter 2: Environmental and social impacts of waste to energy (WTE) conversion plants

Abstract:

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Contributions of WTE conversion to waste reduction and energy generation

2.3 Air quality and residue management considerations of WTE conversion

2.4 Greenhouse gas profile of WTE

2.5 Compatibility of WTE with recycling

2.6 Health and safety aspects of WTE

2.7 Integrated planning for WTE plants

2.8 Future trends

Chapter 3: Lifecycle assessment (LCA) and its application to sustainable waste management

Abstract:

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Energetic comparison of waste to energy (WTE) systems and alternative waste options

3.3 Emissions comparison of WTE systems and alternative waste options

3.4 Advantages and limitations of using an LCA approach to evaluate waste management systems

3.5 An alternative metric to evaluate waste management systems that addresses goal-oriented needs

3.6 Sources of further information

Chapter 4: Feedstocks for waste to energy (WTE) systems: types, properties and analysis

Abstract:

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Types of feedstock for WTE systems and their characteristics

4.3 Testing of feedstocks for WTE systems

Part II: Waste to energy systems, engineering and technology

Chapter 5: Pre-processing and treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) prior to incineration

Abstract:

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Basic screening processes: mass burn

5.3 Fuel upgrading and enhancement processes

5.4 Advanced screening, separation and processing

5.5 Shredding and size reduction processes

5.6 Conclusion

Chapter 6: Municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion plants

Abstract:

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Principles of combustion

6.3 Mass burn waterwall combustion systems

6.4 Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) combustion systems

6.5 Modular combustion systems

6.6 Advantages and limitations

6.7 New developments

6.8 Sources of further information

Chapter 7: Waste firing in large combustion plants

Abstract:

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Pulverised-coal (PC) units with direct co-firing

7.3 Direct fluidised-bed combustion

7.4 Co-combustion of gasification gas in a pulverised-coal boiler

7.5 Retrofitting a pulverised-coal plant with fluidised-bed units

7.6 Controlling high-temperature corrosion in co-fired units

7.7 Conclusion

Chapter 8: Waste to energy (WTE) systems for district heating

Abstract:

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Waste boilers

8.3 Electricity production in waste to energy (WTE) facilities

8.4 WTE facilities as sources of heat

8.5 Optimizing energy efficiency in WTE combined heat and power (CHP) facilities

8.6 Conclusion

Chapter 9: Gasification and pyrolysis of municipal solid waste (MSW)

Abstract:

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Gasification and pyrolysis

9.3 Products and their applications

9.4 Process analysis and reactor design

9.5 Process modifications for gasification systems

9.6 Environmental effect of gasification

9.7 Technologies in operation

9.8 Conclusion

Part III: Pollution control systems for waste to energy technologies

Chapter 10: Transformation of waste combustion facilities from major polluters to pollution sinks

Abstract:

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Status of waste combustion before 1970

10.3 Air emission regulations and their influence upon technology

10.4 Dioxin emissions

10.5 Environmental impact of emissions from modern waste combustion plants

10.6 Conclusion

Chapter 11: Air quality equipment and systems for waste to energy (WTE) conversion plants

Abstract:

11.1 Air quality considerations and regulations for municipal waste combustors

11.2 Acid gas scrubbing in municipal waste combustors

11.3 Particulate control devices utilized at waste combustion facilities

11.4 Control of nitrogen oxide emissions and hazardous air pollutants from waste combustors

11.5 Air pollution control cost-benefit analysis

11.6 Air quality technology innovations for municipal waste combustors

Index

O autorze

Naomi B. Klinghoffer is currently a PhD student at Columbia University, USA under the direction of Professor Castaldi. Ms Klinghoffer has presented her work at national and international conferences on all aspects of waste valorization. Professor Marco J. Castaldi is Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at City University of New York, City College (CCNY), USA. Professor Castaldi is active in the Materials and Energy Recovery Division of ASME and the Research and New Technology Council of AIChE; he has been involved in research and development in waste to energy and gasification technology for the last decade.