Veterinary Surgical Pathology

ISBN-13: 9781119261223 / Angielski / Twarda / 2023 / 608 str.

Joseph S. Haynes

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List of Contributors xiiiPreface xivAcknowledgments xv1 Pathology of the Eye and Periocular Tissues 1Joseph S. HaynesIntroduction 1Prefixation Preparation 1Fixation of Eyes for Histopathology 1Sectioning 2Processing and Staining 2Ocular Structure and Development 2Cornea 3General Corneal Reactions to Injury 4Developmental and Degenerative Corneal Disease 5Corneal Dermoid 5Corneal Erosions and Ulcers 5Corneal Sequestration 7Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy and Mineralization 8Corneal Stromal Dystrophy and Mineralization 8Inflammatory Disease of the Cornea 8Keratitis 8Keratitis sicca 9Canine Pannus Keratitis (Chronic Superficial Keratitis) 10Feline Herpetic Keratitis 10Feline Eosinophilic Keratitis 10Mycotic Keratitis 11Equine Corneal Stromal Abscess 11Uvea 11General Uveal Reactions to Injury 12Developmental and Degenerative Uveal Disease 13Goniodysgenesis and Pectinate Ligament Dysplasia 14Persistent Pupillary Membrane 14Choroidal Hypoplasia 14Hypertensive Vasculopathy 15Inflammatory Disease of the Uvea and Ocular 15Uveitis 15Lymphoplasmacytic Anterior Uveitis 16Phacoclastic Uveitis/Endophthalmitis 19Phacolytic Uveitis 19Equine Recurrent Uveitis 19Uveitis Due to FIP Coronavirus 19Canine Uveodermatologic Syndrome (VKH-like Syndrome) 19Pigmentary Uveitis 20Endophthalmitis and Panophthalmitis 20Bacterial Endophthalmitis 22Ocular Blastomycosis 22Ocular Cryptococcosis 22Ocular Coccidioidomycosis 22Ocular Histoplasmosis 24Ocular Protothecosis 24Lens 25General Lens Reactions to Injury 25Lens Luxation 25Developmental and Degenerative Disease of the Lens 25Microphakia and Aphakia 25Persistent Pupillary Membrane, Persistent Primary (Hyperplastic) Vitreous, Persistent Posterior Tunica Vasculosa Lentis, and Persistent Hyaloid Artery 26Cataract 27Inflammatory Disease of the Lens 28Phacitis 28Retina 29General Retinal Reactions to Injury 30Developmental and Degenerative Retinal Disease 30Retinal Dysplasia 30Lysosomal Storage Diseases 30Cystic Retinal Degeneration 31Inherited Retinal Dysplasia and/or Degeneration (Progressive Retinal Atrophy) 31Nutritionally Induced Retinopathy 32Toxic Retinopathy 32Ischemic and Infarctive Retinopathy 33Glaucoma 33Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome 34Retinal Detachment 35Inflammatory Disease of the Retina 36Retinitis 36Optic Nerve 36Developmental and Degenerative Disease of the Optic Nerve 36Hypoplasia of the Optic Nerve and/or Optic Chiasm 36Axonal Degeneration and Atrophy of the Optic Nerve 36Cavitation of Optic Disk 36Canine Ocular Gliovascular Syndrome 37Inflammatory Disease of the Optic Nerve 37Optic Neuritis 37Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis 38Sclera 38Developmental and Degenerative Scleral Disease 39Scleral Ectasia 39Inflammatory Disease of the Sclera 39Lymphoplasmacytic Scleritis 39Nodular Granulomatous Episcleritis and Necrotizing Scleritis 40Eyelids, Conjunctiva and Retrobulbar Tissues 40Developmental Disease of the Eyelids 40Inflammatory Disease of the Eyelids 40Granulomatous Blepharitis/Meibomian Adenitis 40Marginal Nodular Blepharitis/Meibomian Adenitis 42Inflammatory Disease of the Conjunctiva, Membrana Nictitans, and Retrobulbar Tissues 42Conjunctivitis 42Nodular Granulomatous Episcleritis/Conjunctivitis 42Periocular/Retrobulbar Cellulitis/Abscess 42Neoplasia of the Eye and Periocular Tissues 43Neoplasia of the Cornea 43Neoplasia of the Uvea 45Intraocular Melanoma and Uveal Melanocytosis 45Iridociliary Tumors 45Anterior Uveal Sarcoma of Blue-Eyed Dogs 46Intraocular Osteosarcoma 46Intraocular Adenocarcinosarcoma (Malignant Mixed Tumor) 48Lymphoma 48Neoplasia of the Lens 50Trauma-Induced Intraocular Sarcoma of Cats 50Neoplasia of the Retina 50Neoplasia of the Eyelids 50Palpebral Melanocytoma and Malignant Melanoma 50Squamous Cell Carcinoma 50Squamous Papilloma 50Meibomian Gland Tumors 52Neoplasia of the Conjunctiva and Membrana Nictitans 52Squamous Cell Carcinoma 52Adenocarcinoma of Gland of Third Eyelid (Membrana Nictitans) 54Epibulbar Melanoma 54Neoplasia of Retrobulbar Tissues 54Retrobulbar Meningioma 54Retrobulbar Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor 55Lymphoma 55Adenoma/Adenocarcinoma of Lacrimal Gland or Zygomatic Salivary Gland 55Canine Orbital Lobular Adenoma 57References and Additional Readings 572 Pathology of the Bones and Joints 59Joseph S. HaynesIntroduction 59Specimen Preparation, Fixation, and Demineralization 59Bone Structure and Physiology 60Development of Bone and Cartilage 61Basic Reactions of Bone to Injury 62Hypoplastic/Dysplastic Bone Growth 62Loss of Bone 63Excessive Production of Bone 63Osteonecrosis 64Inflammation of Bone 65Neoplasia of Bone 68Joint Structure and Physiology 68Basic Reactions of Joints to Injury 68Degenerative Changes in Articular Cartilage 69Inflammation of Articular Cartilage and Chondronecrosis 70Inflammation of the Synovial Membrane and Joint Capsule 71Diseases of Bone 72Developmental Disorders and Anomalies 72Osteochondrosis 72Physeal Dysplasia in Cats 73Chondrodysplasia 73Osteochondromatosis (Multiple Cartilaginous Exostoses) 73Hyperostotic Diseases of Bone 74Hypertrophic (Pulmonary) Osteopathy 74Canine Hepatozoonosis 74Hyperostoses of Nutritional Origin 74Hyperostoses of Unknown Cause 74Inflammatory Diseases of Bone 75Osteomyelitis Caused by Bacterial Infection 75Osteomyelitis Caused by Fungal Infection 76Canine Metaphyseal Osteopathy (Canine Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy) 76Osteonecrosis and Bone Infarction 77Necrosis of the Femoral Head and Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease 77Bone Infarction 77Neoplasia of Bone 78Osteoma 78Osteosarcoma 78Chondroma 80Chondrosarcoma 82Multilobular Tumor of Bone 82Osteochondroma 83Giant Cell Tumor 83Multiple Myeloma 83Chordoma 84Hemangiosarcoma 84Ossifying Fibroma 84Diseases of Joints 85Osteochondrosis Dissecans 85Infectious Arthritis due to Bacteria 86Lyme Disease 86Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Arthritis 86Chronic Osteoarthritis 86Neoplasms of Joints 87References and Additional Readings 893 Pathology of the Skin 90Joseph S. HaynesIntroduction 90Specimen Preparation and Fixation 90Basic Reactions of Skin to Injury 90Inflammation of the Skin: Dermatitis 90Microscopic Patterns of Cutaneous Inflammation 91Acute Dermatitis 91Chronic Dermatitis 94Abnormal Keratinization 95Alopecia 96Abnormal Pigmentation 96Diseases of the Skin 96Developmental Disorders and Anomalies of the Skin 96Ichthyosis 96Primary Seborrhea 96Hyperplastic Dermatosis of the West Highland White Terriers 97Zinc Responsive Dermatosis 97Black-Hair Follicular Dysplasia and Color Mutant Alopecia 98Collagen Dysplasia 98Degenerative, Atrophic, and Necrotizing Diseases of the Skin 99Endocrine-Related Disease 99Superficial Necrolytic Dermatitis 100Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis 101Cutaneous Infarction 101Inflammatory Diseases of the Skin 101Allergic Skin Diseases 101Feline Miliary Dermatitis 103Autoimmune Skin Diseases 107Bacterial Skin Disease 111Pyoderma 112Nocardiosis and Actinomycosis 112Fungal Skin Disease 112Dermatophytosis 112Additional Fungal Skin Disease 112Parasitic Skin Disease 113Demodectic Mange 113Sarcoptic and Notoedric Mange (Scabies) 115Cutaneous Habronemiasis 116Miscellaneous Inflammatory Skin Diseases 116Acral Lick Dermatitis 116Chronic Otitis Externa 117Pyogranulomatous Panniculitis 117Sebaceous Adenitis 117Neoplasms and Cystic Lesions of the Skin 117Epithelial Neoplasms 117Squamous Papilloma 117Inverted Viral Squamous Papilloma 119Cutaneous Horn 119Canine and Feline Viral Plaque 119Actinic Keratosis 119Squamous Cell Carcinoma 120Squamous Cell Carcinoma 121Basosquamous Carcinoma 124Infundibular Keratinizing Acanthoma (Intracutaneous Cornifying Epithelioma) 124Subungual Keratoacanthoma 125Trichoblastoma (Basal Cell Tumor) 125Trichoblastoma 125Trichoepithelioma 125Pilomatricoma 129Apocrine Gland Tumors 131Anal Sac Apocrine Adenocarcinoma 132Ceruminous Gland Tumors 133Sebaceous Gland Tumors 133Hepatoid/Perianal Gland Tumors 135Eccrine Gland Tumors 135Melanotic Tumors 137Mesenchymal Neoplasms 138Canine Soft Tissue Sarcomas 138Equine Sarcoid 140Feline Sarcoid 141Canine Keloidal Fibroma 141Feline Giant Cell Sarcoma 141Feline Vaccination Site Sarcoma 141Cutaneous Hemangioma and Hemangiosarcoma 141Round Cell Neoplasms and Reactive Proliferations 143Cutaneous Lymphoma 143Cutaneous Histiocytic Diseases 143Canine Persistent and Recurrent Cutaneous Histiocytomas 144Cutaneous Plasmacytoma 148Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors 148Canine Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors 151Feline Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors 151Equine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors 151Other Masses, Cysts, and Cyst-like Structures 153Follicular Cyst 153Infundibular Cyst 153Isthmus Cyst 154Matrical Cyst 154Hybrid Cyst 154Dermoid Cyst 155Apocrine Gland Cyst 155Canine Apocrine Cystomatosis 156Feline Ceruminous Cystomatosis 156Calcinosis Circumscripta 156Follicular Hamartoma 156Fibroadnexal Hamartoma 156Collagenous Hamartoma 158Acrochordon (Skin Tag) 158References and Additional Readings 1594 Pathology of the Male Reproductive System 160Michael J. YaegerProstate 160Introduction 160Developmental and Degenerative Diseases 160Prostatic Hypoplasia/Atrophy 160Prostatic Hyperplasia/Hypertrophy 160Prostatic Cysts 162Prostatic Squamous Metaplasia 162Prostatic Inflammatory Diseases 162Acute and Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis 162Prostatic Abscessation 163Prostatic Neoplasia 163Prostatic Adenocarcinoma 164Prostatic Transitional Cell Carcinoma 164Testes and Epididymis 164Developmental and Degenerative Diseases 166Testicular Hypoplasia 166Testicular Atrophy/Degeneration 166Testicular and Epididymal Inflammatory Disease 166Infectious Orchitis and Epididymitis 166Spermatocele and Sperm Granulomas 167Testicular Neoplasia 167Sertoli Cell Tumors 169Seminoma 169Interstitial Cell (Leydig) Tumor 169Biologic Behavior of Canine Testicular Tumors 171Feline Testicular Tumors 171Equine Testicular Tumors 171Penis and Prepuce 171Introduction 171Developmental and Degenerative Diseases 172Inflammatory Diseases 172Balanitis, Posthitis and Balanoposthitis 172Neoplastic Diseases 172Equine Penile Neoplasia 172Equine Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma 173Equine Penile Sarcoid 173Equine Penile Melanoma 173Bovine Penile Fibropapilloma 174Canine Penile Papilloma 174Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor 174References and Additional Readings 1765 Pathology of the Female Reproductive System 178Michael J. YaegerOvaries 178Introduction 178Developmental and Degenerative Diseases 178Ovarian Cysts 178Ovarian Inflammation 179Oophoritis and Salpingitis 179Ovarian Neoplasia 179Germ Cell Tumors/Dysgerminoma and Teratoma 180Dysgerminoma 180Teratoma 181Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors 181Epithelial Tumors 182Uterus and Vagina 183Introduction 183Developmental and Degenerative Diseases 184Endometrial Hyperplasia/Cysts 184Serosal Inclusion Cysts 184Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia 184Pseudoplacentational Endometrial Hyperplasia 184Adenomyosis 185Subinvolution of Placental Sites 185Uterine Inflammation 186Endometritis, Metritis, Perimetritis, and Pyometra 186Endometrial Biopsies 186Uterine and Vaginal Neoplasia 189Endometrial Polyps 189Uterine Tumors 189Vaginal and Vulvar Tumors 190Mammary Gland 191Introduction 191Developmental and Degenerative Diseases 191Feline Mammary Fibroadenomatous Hyperplasia 191Mammary Duct Ectasia and Hyperplasia 191Inflammatory Disease 192Mastitis 192Mammary Neoplasia 192Rat Mammary Neoplasia 192Fibroadenoma 192Canine Mammary Neoplasia 193Mammary Adenoma and Complex Mammary Adenoma (Mixed Tumor) 193Malignant Mammary Neoplasia 194Mammary Adenocarcinoma, Sarcoma, and Carcinosarcoma 194Feline Mammary Neoplasia 196Feline Mammary Carcinoma/Adenocarcinoma 197References and Additional Readings 197Index 199

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The EditorJoseph S. Haynes, DVM, PhD, DACVP is Professor of Veterinary Pathology in the Department of Veterinary Pathology at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa, USA.