Vegetation Fires and Pollution in Asia

ISBN-13: 9783031299155 / Angielski

Krishna Prasad Vadrevu;Toshimasa Ohara;Chris Justice

Opis

Vegetation fires are prevalent in several regions of the world, including South/ Southeast Asia (S/SEA). Fire occurrence and spread are influenced by fuel type, topography, climate, weather, and lightning, among others. In S/SEA, human-initiated fires are responsible for most of the incidents in addition to natural factors. Through biomass burning, vegetation fires can emit large quantities of greenhouse gases and air pollutants such as CO2, CO, NOx, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and other chemical species, including aerosols that can affect air quality and health at both local and regional scales. Moreover, biomass burning pollutants can travel long distances and impact regional climate. Therefore, quantifying vegetation fires and their impacts is critical at different spatial scales. This book includes contributions from renowned researchers from the USA and South/ Southeast Asia on various fire-related topics. The contributions resulted from several international meetings and workshops organized in Asia as part of the South/ Southeast Asia Research Initiative (SARI) under the NASA Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program. The book is divided into three sections, each containing multiple contributions: a) Mapping, Monitoring, and Modeling of Vegetation Fires, b) Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution, and c) Air Pollution Modeling and Decision Support Systems. These sections are preceded by an introductory chapter by the editors that highlights the latest satellite-derived fire statistics and the current fire situation in S/SEA. This book will be a valuable resource for remote sensing scientists, geographers, ecologists, atmospheric, climate, environmental scientists, including policymakers, and all who wish to advance their knowledge on vegetation fires and emissions in South/Southeast Asia.

Spis treści

1. Vegetation Fires and Biomass Burning in South/Southeast Asia – An Overview

Section I:  Mapping , Monitoring and Modeling of Vegetation Fires

2. Wildfire monitoring using infrared bands and spatial resolution effects

3. Status and Drivers of Forest Fires in Myanmar

4. Vegetation Fires and Entropy Variations In Myanmar

5. Crop residue burning and forest fire emissions in Nepal

6. Firewood Burning Dynamics by the Sri Lankan Households: Trends, Patterns, and Implications

7. Burnt Area Signal Variations in Agriculture and Forested Landscapes of India - A Case Study Using Sentinel A/B Synthetic Aperture Radar

8. Application of Interferometry SAR for Monitoring of Peatland Areas– Case Studies in Indonesia

9. Active Fire Monitoring of Thailand and Upper ASEAN by Earth Observation Data: benefits, lessons learned and what still needs to be known

10. Detecting Vegetation Regrowth after Fires in Small Watershed Settings Using Remotely Sensed Data and Local Community Participation Approach

11. Long-Term Spatiotemporal Distribution of Fire over Maritime Continent and their Responses to Climate Anomalies 

12. Vegetation Fires in Laos - An Overview

13. Vegetation Fires, Fire Radiative Power and Intermediate Fire Occurrence Intensity (IFOI) Hypothesis Testing in Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia

14. Analyzing fire behavior and calibrating a fire growth model in a seasonal dry tropical forest area

Section II:  Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution

15. Spatiotemporally resolved pollutant emissions from biomass burning in Asia

16. Twenty-year variations of aerosol optical depth over Asia in relation to anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions

17. Light Absorption Properties of Biomass Burning Emissions in Bangladesh: Current State of Knowledge

18. Remote Sensing of greenhouse gases and aerosols from agricultural residue burning over Pakistan

19. A comparative study of energy, emissions and economic efficiency of various cookstoves in Nepal

20. Estimation of Ultrafine Particulate Matter Emissions from Biomass Burning Using Satellite Imaging and Burn Severity

21. Characteristics of Transboundary Haze and General Aerosol over Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

22. Measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions from fire-prone peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, using ground-based instruments

23. Air Pollution Caused by Deep Peatland Fire in Central Kalimantan

24. Chemical Speciation of PM0 Emissions from Peat Burning Emission in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

25. GHG emissions estimation from Peatland fires in Indonesia – Review and Importance of Combustion Factor 

26. Forest Fire Emissions in Equatorial Asia and Their Recent Delay Anomaly in the Dry Season

Section III:  Air Pollution Modeling and Decision Support Systems

27. Impact of vegetation fires on regional aerosol black carbon over South and East Asia

28. Detection and Modeling of South Asian Biomass Burning Aerosols from both Macro- and Micro-perspective

29. Remote sensing of agricultural biomass burning aerosols, gaseous compounds, long-distance transport and impact on air quality

30. Agricultural fires in Northeast China: Characteristics, Impacts, and Challenges

31. Air Pollution Modelling in Southeast Asia – An Overview

32. Trace gases and air quality in Northwestern Vietnam during recurrent biomass burning on the Indochina Peninsula since 0 – Field Observations and Atmospheric Simulations

33. Southeast Asian Transboundary Haze in the Southern Philippines, and Meteorological Drivers

34. An Operational Fire Danger Rating System for Thailand and Lower Mekong Region: Development, Utilization, and Experiences

35. Fires Hotspot Forecasting in Indonesia Using Long Short-Term Memory Algorithm and MODIS Datasets

O autorze

Dr. Krishna Prasad Vadrevu is a remote sensing scientist at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama, USA. His research focuses on land cover and land-use change (LCLUC) studies, fires, and biomass burning emissions. He has more than 20 years of research experience in satellite remote sensing. He is currently serving as the Deputy Program Manager for the NASA LCLUC Program (lcluc.umd.edu) and leading the South/Southeast Research Initiative (www.sari.umd.edu).

Dr. Toshimasa Ohara is a scientist and Research Director at Center for Environmental Science (CESS) in Saitama, Japan. He has 33 years of research experience in air quality modeling, emission inventories, and pollution research. He is a lead developer for Regional Emission Inventory in Asia (REAS) and one of the highly cited researchers on the emissions. He is currently working on linking top-down and bottom-up approaches for emissions quantification from different sectors in Asia. 

Dr. Christopher Justice is a Professor at the Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, USA. He has 40 years of research experience. His current research is on land cover and land-use change and global agricultural monitoring using remote sensing. He is an authority on satellite remote sensing of fires. He serves as Project Scientist for the NASA LCLUC Program, the Land Discipline Lead for the NASA MODIS and the Suomi-NPP VIIRS Science Team. He is the Co-Chair of the GEO Global Agricultural Monitoring initiative (GEOGLAM), Chief Scientist for NASA HARVEST, and Chair of the international Global Observations of Forest and Land Use Dynamics (GOFC-GOLD) program.