Vaccinia Virus and Poxvirology: Methods and Protocols

ISBN-13: 9781617374371 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 396 str.

Stuart N. Isaacs

Opis

The Right Book at the Right Time The poxviruses comprise a family of complex DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of vertebrate or invertebrate cells. Of the eight recognized g- era of vertebrate poxviruses, those belonging to the orthopoxvirus genus have been most intensively studied. This group includes variola virus, the agent of smallpox, as well as cowpox virus and vaccinia virus. Jenner s original sma- pox vaccine, described in 1798, consisted of live cowpox virus, but vaccinia virus later replaced it (1). There has been speculation as to the origin of v- cinia virus; the most likely idea is that it is a separate species, possibly ori- nally isolated from a horse, and is now extinct or rare in nature (2). Recent genome sequencing studies confirm the distinctness of variola virus, cowpox virus, and vaccinia virus and also their very close genetic relationship, which accounts for the cross protection of smallpox vaccines. The novelty of the smallpox vaccine can be readily appreciated by the time it took, about 80 years, before the next live vaccine against rabies was developed, and another 50 years for the yellow fever vaccine. Moreover, the eradication of smallpox in 1977 stands as a unique medical achievement. Because of its historical role, sma- pox vaccination contributed greatly to present concepts of infectious disease, immunity, and pathogenesis. Less well known, however, are the many other firsts for vaccinia virus."

Recenzje

From the foreword...

"The right book at the right time." -Bernard Moss

"...a collection of up-to-date protocols...the book is intended for virologists devoted to poxvirus research and scientists in vaccine research and some biotechnology area." - Chemotherapy

Spis treści

Working Safely with Vaccinia Virus: Laboratory Technique and the Role of Vaccinia Vaccination Stuart N. Isaacs Construction and Isolation of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Using Genetic Markers María M. Lorenzo, Inmaculada Galindo, and Rafael Blasco Construction of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus: Cloning into the Thymidine Kinase Locus Chelsea M. Byrd and Dennis E. Hruby Transient and Inducible Expression of Vaccinia/T7 Recombinant Viruses Mohamed Ragaa Mohamed and Edward G. Niles Construction of Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses Using Leporipoxvirus-Catalyzed Recombination and Reactivation of Orthopoxvirus DNA, Xiao-Dan Yao and David H. Evans Construction of cDNA Libraries in Vaccinia Virus Ernest S. Smith, Shuying Shi, and Maurice Zauderer Construction and Isolation of Recombinant MVA Caroline Staib, Ingo Drexler, and Gerd Sutter Growing Poxviruses and Determining Virus Titer Girish J. Kotwal and Melissa-Rose Abrahams Rapid Preparation of Vaccinia Virus DNA Template for Analysis and Cloning by PCR Rachel L. Roper Orthopoxvirus Diagnostics Hermann Meyer, Inger K. Damon, and Joseph J. Esposito An In Vitro Transcription System for Studying Vaccinia Virus Early Genes Steven S. Broyles and Marcia Kremer An In Vitro Transcription System for Studying Vaccinia Virus Late Genes Cynthia F. Wright Studying Vaccinia Virus RNA Processing In Vitro Paul D. Gershon Methods for Analysis of Poxvirus DNA Replication Paula Traktman and Kathleen Boyle Studying the Binding and Entry of the Intracellular and Extracellular Enveloped Forms of Vaccinia Virus Mansun Law and Geoffrey L. Smith Pox, Dyes, and Videotape: Making Movies of GFP-Labeled Vaccinia Virus Brian M. Ward Interaction Analysis of Viral Cytokine-Binding Proteins Using Surface PlasmonResonance Bruce T. Seet and Grant McFadden Monitoring of Human Immunological Responses to Vaccinia Virus Richard Harrop, Matthew G. Ryan, Hana Golding, Irina Redchenko, and Miles W. Carroll Vaccinia Virus as a Tool for Immunologic Studies Nia Tatsis, Gomathinayagam Sinnathamby, and Laurence C. Eisenlohr Mouse Models for Studying Orthopoxvirus Respiratory Infections Jill Schriewer, R. Mark L. Buller, and Gelita Owens Viral Glycoprotein-Mediated Cell Fusion Assays Using Vaccinia Virus Vectors Katharine N. Bossart and Christopher C. Broder Use of Dual-Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Vectors to Assay Viral Glycoprotein-Mediated Fusion with Transfection-Resistant Primary Cell Targets Yanjie Yi, Anjali Singh, Joanne Cutilli, and Ronald G. Collman Poxvirus Bioinformatics Chris Upton Preparation and Use of Molluscum Contagiosum Virus from Human Tissue Biopsy Specimens Nadja V. Melquiot and Joachim J. Bugert Index

Blurb

Recombinant vaccinia viruses have become important in recent years, both as protein expression vectors, and-in the age of bioterrorism-as powerful tools for developing new smallpox vaccines, diagnostics, and understanding of poxvirus pathogenesis. In Vaccinia Virus and Poxvirology: Methods and Protocols, internationally recognized experts and leaders in poxvirology describe in step-by-step detail the successful techniques they have perfected to study and work with vaccinia virus and other poxviruses. They offer cutting-edge techniques for the construction and characterization of recombinant viruses; for the study of poxvirus gene transcription and DNA replication; and for the use of the virus in immunologic and cell-cell fusion assays. Other methods cover poxvirus bioinformatics, aspects of viral pathogenesis at both a protein and an animal model level, and the study of immune responses to poxvirus-the latter critical to the important role of vaccinia virus in smallpox vaccination and its potential role as a vaccine vector directed against infectious agents and cancer. The protocols presented follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, each one offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Comprehensive and timely, Vaccinia Virus and Poxvirology: Methods and Protocols offers virologists and vaccinologists an unequaled source of proven techniques for understanding poxviruses and developing defenses against their use as bioterrorist agents.