Urological Emergencies in Clinical Practice

ISBN-13: 9781852338114 / Angielski / Miękka / 2004 / 189 str.

Hashim Hashim;John Reynard;Nigel C. Cowan

Opis

The specialty of urology has evolved into a less surgical and more cognitive discipline. Indeed, most of what we do in our daily cl- ical practice involves nonoperative patient care. However many of our patients present with, what are perceived as, emergencies. Such emergencies encompass a broad spectrum of diagnoses, ranging from the often mundane hematuria and orchalgia to the more striking renal colic, symptomatic urinary retention, Fournier s gangrene and testicular torsion, to name but a few. Frequently these emergencies require swift but prudent ju- ment in order to achieve a satisfactory outcome. Despite the plethora of these daily encountered emergencies, their descriptions are diluted in the voluminous urologic te- books available. By assembling this textbook speci?cally on urologic emergencies, these distinguished authors have cont- buted a unique and valuable addition to our urologic literary armamentarium. Their objectives are to present diagnostic and treatment-oriented information that can be accessed rapidly and ef?ciently. These goals are accomplished without comprising thoroughness. The book consists of 10 broad chapters divided into speci?c sections making the information easily retrievable. Diagrams and photographs are incorporated appropriately to highlight important points. Diagnostic and therapeutic tips of practical signi?cance are offered throughout the book. This superb or- nizational format provides a clear, logical and ef?cient approach to urologic emergencies and should serve as a principal reference for any physician dealing which these ubiquitous problems. I congratulate the authors and am con?dent that their gallant efforts will serve to better educate physicians and ultimately improve patient care."

Recenzje

From the reviews:

"A very readable and informative handbook that is impressive even at first glance. … an excellent book, appropriately aimed at those on ‘the coal face’ of the urological service. The line diagrams are clear, the text well written and even the paper has a quality feel! Above all this, however, is the amazing quality of the radiological imaging … . A good book which represents value for money and will probably prove to be indispensable to the junior urologist/urological surgeon." (Urology News, Vol. 9 (5), 2005)

Spis treści

1. Presenting Symptoms of Urological Emergencies Hashim Hashim and John Reynard Flank Pain Haematuria Oliguria, anuria and inability to pass urine Suprapubic pain Scrotal pain and swelling Priapism Back pain and urological symptoms 2. Lower Urinary Tract Emergencies John Reynard Acute urinary retention 3. Non-Traumatic Renal Emergencies John Reynard Acute flank pain - ‘ureteric’ or ‘renal’ colic Other non-stone causes of acute flank pain Acute pyelonephritis Pyonephrosis Perinephric abscess Emphysematous pyelonephritis Acute pyelonephritis, pyonephrosis, perinephric abscess and emphysematous pyelonephritis - making the diagnosis Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis 4. Other Infective Urological Emergencies Hashim Hashim and John Reynard Urinary Septicaemia Empirical treatment of septicaemia Prostatic infections and prostatic abscess Fournier’s gangrene Epididymo-orchitis Peri-urethral abscess 5. Traumatic Urological Emergencies John Reynard Renal injuries Ureteric injuries Pelvic fractures and injuries to the urinary system Types of pelvic fracture Bladder injuries associated with pelvic fractures Combined bladder and posterior urethral injuries following pelvic fracture Urethral injuries associated with pelvic fractures Abdominal and pelvic imaging in pelvic fracture and what to do where imaging cannot or has not been done Suprapubic catheterisation versus open suprapubic cystostomy in patients with posterior urethral disruption Problems imaging the bladder in patients with urethral rupture Bladder injuries o Types of perforation o Making the diagnosis o Imaging studies o Extraperitoneal and Intraperitoneal perforation during resection of a bladder tumour (TURBT) o The delayed diagnosis of iatrogenic bladder perforation o Bladder perforation during TURP o Bladder perforation following pelvic fractures o Bladder injury during caesariansection o Spontaneous rupture after bladder augmentation o Surgical repair of bladder injuries Posterior urethral injuries Anterior urethral injuries Penetrating anterior urethral injuries Testicular injuries Penile injuries Penile fracture 6. Scrotal and Genital Emergencies John Reynard and Hashim Hashim Torsion of the testis and testicular appendages Priapism Paraphimosis Foreign bodies in the urethra and attached to the penis 7. Post-Operative Emergencies after Urological Surgery Hashim Hashim and John Reynard Shock due to blood loss Anaphylaxis - after administration of intravenous contrast or antibiotics Scrotal swelling after scrotal surgery Wound dehiscence leading to burst abdomen Post-circumcision bleeding Blocked catheter post-TURP and clot retention The TUR syndrome Displaced catheter post-radical prostatectomy Compartment syndrome of the lower limb associated with the lithotomy position Mechanisms of LLCS in the lithotomy position 8. Ureteric Colic in Pregnancy John Reynard 9. Management of Urological Neoplastic Conditions Presenting as Emergencies John Reynard and Hashim Hashim Testicular cancer Malignant ureteric obstruction Spinal cord compression in patients with urological disease 10. Common Emergency Urological Procedures John Reynard and Nigel Cowan Urethral catheterisation Suprapubic catheterisation Blocked catheter post-TURP Blocked catheter post-TURBT Blocked catheters following bladder augmentation or neobladder JJ stent insertion Percutaneous nephrostomy insertion Failure to deflate balloon for removal of a urethral catheter

Blurb

Urological Emergencies in Clinical Practice summarizes adult and pediatric urological emergencies and their management, diagnosis and treatment, in a concise, relevant and readily available form.

Signs and symptoms are listed and specific treatments explained. This is a simple yet practical guide to the management of urological emergencies with an emphasis on common urological emergencies seen in everyday practice. Any clinician without previous urological knowledge will be able to make an accurate diagnosis and have a treatment plan to follow.

A user-friendly pocketbook, this is easy to refer to in an emergency situation. Each chapter is clearly marked, separated and organized into sections with heading of Signs, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Management placed in a numbered fashion similar to an objective structured clinical examination. Some sections also have useful hints and tips. Covering the basics of treatment rather than going into depth, these small but very important aspects of care are usually not mentioned in "big" reference textbooks, yet form an important aspect in everyday life.

Aimed at residents in Urology, it will also be useful to Accident and Emergency doctors and Primary Care Physicians.