Understanding Telecommunications and LightWave Systems: An Entry-Level Guide

ISBN-13: 9780471150329 / Angielski / Miękka / 2001 / 269 str.

John G. Nellist

Opis

The up-to-date edition of the bestselling guide to the basics of telecommunications and digital technology Understanding Telecommunications and Lightwave Systems presents a nontechnical treatment of how voice, video, and multimedia can simultaneously travel over today's evolving telecommunications systems. This updated Third Edition provides a comprehensive overview of the telecommunications field as well as a detailed introduction to the latest lightwave technology. The author's examination of recent techniques and developing technologies in telecommunications includes:

• Third-generation cell phones with microbrowser capabilities
• Changes in the global PCS network
• Optical switching and transmission parameters
• Lightwave systems and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
• A new chapter (Chapter 17: The Internet) that examines this multimedia structure and the network economy it has created
• Satellite communications, new transcontinental carriers, lightwave undersea systems, and other advances toward improving global communication

Understanding Telecommunications and Lightwave Systems is the perfect introduction for anyone whose work requires a fundamental understanding of current developments in telecommunications, as well as for students or inquiring readers who want an overview of telecommunications and the exciting technology of lightwave communications.

Recenzje

"...provides a non–technical overview of contemporary telecommunications systems." ( SciTech Book News, Vol. 26, No. 2, June 2002)

Spis treści

Introduction 1

1 The Evolution of Telecommunications 3

The Telegraph 3

The Telephone 3

Wireless Communications 4

AT&T Monopoly 4

Trans–Canada System 4

Semiconductors 5

Digital Communications 5

Satellite Communications 6

Fiber Optics 6

AT&T Break–Up 6

Telecommunications Act of 1996 8

The Meltdown 10

Conclusion 10

2 Analog Transmission 12

Conclusion 15

Review Questions for Chapter 2 15

3 Digital Transmission 17

Conclusion 19

Review Questions for Chapter 3 20

4 Basic Multiplexing Techniques 21

Brief History 21

FDM 21

TDM 22

Pulse–Code Modulation 22

Conclusion 27

Review Questions for Chapter 4 27

5 Switching Hierarchy 28

Brief History ′. 28

Divestiture 30

Conclusion 32

Review Questions for Chapter 5 32

6 North American Digital Hierarchies 34

Conclusion 37

Review Questions for Chapter 6 37

7 Transmission 38

Transmission Level 39

Via Net Loss (VNL) 40

All–Digital Network 40

Echo Suppressors and Echo Cancellers 43

Split Echo Suppressor 44

Full Echo Suppressor 45

Digital Echo Canceller 45

Conclusion 46

Review Questions for Chapter 7 47

8 The Local Subscriber Loop 48

Brief History 48

The Local Loop 48

Digital Subscriber Carrier Systems 50

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Lines 52

Conclusion 54

Review Questions for Chapter 8 55

9 Microwave Radio 56

Brief History 56

Digital Radio 56

Design Considerations 58

SONET Radio 60

Conclusion 61

Review Questions for Chapter 9 61

10 Satellite Communications 63

Brief History 63

Geostationary (GEO) Satellites 65

Parking Slots 66

Transponders 67

The Footprint 68

Time Delay 68

Global Positioning System 70

MEO and LEO Satellites 71

Direct–to–Home Satellite System 75

Satellite Operators 75

Conclusion 76

Review Questions for Chapter 10 76

11 Switching Systems 78

The Strowger Switch 78

Panel Switching Syste 79

Crossbar Switch 79

The First Electronic Switch 80

The Digital Switch 81

The Optical Switch 84

Optical Switches with Electrical Cores 85

All–Optical Switches 85

Conclusion 90

Review Questions for Chapter 11 90

12 Private Branch Exchange 92

Brief History 92

Analog PBX 92

Digital PBX 93

Conclusion 95

Review Questions for Chapter 12 96

13 Traffic Considerations 97

Brief History 97

CCS 97

Grade of Service 98

Internet Congestion 99

Conclusion 101

Review Questions for Chapter 13 101

14 Video Transmission 102

Brief History 102

Video Compression 102

Switched Data Services 103

Video Codecs 103

Videophone 104

Multimedia 105

Conclusion 107

Review Questions for Chapter 14 108

15 Wireless 109

Brief History 109

Cellular Telephone Service 109

The Mobile Unit 111

Personal Communications Services (PCS) 113

The Standards 114

The Future 115

Conclusion 117

Review Questions for Chapter 15 119

16 The Computer 120

Brief History 120

Digital Computers 120

Microprocessors 123

Hard Drive 123

End of an Era 125

Internet Appliances 125

The Evolution of the Silicon Chip 127

Bluetooth 127

Conclusion 128

Review Questions for Chapter 16 130

17 The Internet 131

Brief History 131

Internet Access 132

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 133

Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 134

Integrated Services Digital Network 134

Cable Modems 136

Satellite 137

Local Multipoint Distribution System 138

Circuit Switched vs. Packet Switched 139

Internet Telephony 142

Conclusion 143

Review Questions for Chapter 17 144

18 Lightwave Systems 145

Brief History 145

New Transcontinental Carriers 149

Lightwave Undersea Systems 150

Evolution of Lightwave Systems 150

Optical Fiber Cable 154

Optical Fiber Transmission Parameters 157

Fiber Connectors 163

Optical Emitters 165

Optical Detectors 167

Tunable Lasers 168

All–Optical Networks 169

Dense Wavelength–Division Multiplexing 169

Optical Amplifiers 171

Optical Cross–Connects 173

System Design Considerations 175

Synchronous Optical Network 178

Asynchronous Transfer Mode 186

SONET Ring Networks 190

System Availability 192

Cable Placement Choices 193

Cable Placement Techniques 195

Placement of Underground Cable 196

Placement of Aerial Cable 197

Placement of Direct Buried Cable 199

Field Splicing 203

Mechanical Splicing 205

Field Testing Using an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer 205

Fiber–to–the–Home 209

Video–on–Demand (VOD) 209

Fiber–to–the–Curb 210

Local Area Network 213

Ethernet 214

IBM Token Ring 215

LAN Topology 216

Wireless LANs 218

Fiber Optic LANs 218

Conclusion 224

Review Questions for Chapter 18 225

Telecommunications Glossary 228

Bibliography 250

Index 251

Answers to Review Questions 259

About the Author 269

O autorze

JOHN G. NELLIST led the development and implementation of fiber optic technology into the British Columbia telephone network as General Transmission Engineering Manager at Telus (formerly BC Telecom). He was appointed overall coordinator for the first field trial of a fiber optic transmission system in 1978 and presented one of the first papers on an operating fiber optic system in 1979 at the International Fiber Optic Conference.
With more than forty years of telecommunications experience, John Nellist has published and presented numerous technical papers and articles on the subject. Currently a consultant at Sarita Enterprises, Ltd., Nellist has also coauthored two books with Elliott M. Gilbert, Telecommunications Wiring for Commercial Buildings and Understanding Modern Telecommunications and the Information Superhighway.