Un Millennium Development Library: Trade in Development

ISBN-13: 9781138471818 / Angielski / Twarda / 2020 / 354 str.

Un Millennium Project

Opis

The trading system is unbalanced against developing countries. The progressive elimination of remaining trade barriers in goods and services, with rich counties leading by example, coupled with enough support for poor countries to bear adjustment costs and build export capacity must be part of the international pursuit to overcome poverty.

Spis treści

Foreword -- Task force members -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Millennium Development Goals -- Overview -- 1 Introduction -- Why is trade expansion critical for the Goals? -- Developing countries and trade -- The World Trade Organization -- The Doha Development Agenda -- Structure of this report -- Part 1 Market access agenda -- 2 Why another Round? -- Who pays for protection? -- 3 Agriculture -- The current protection in OECD countries -- Benefits from farm liberalization -- Addressing concerns about liberalization -- Negotiating issues— strategic view and tactical choices -- 4 Services -- Existing levels of protection in services trade and investment -- Addressing concerns about liberalization -- Priorities for liberalization -- 5 Non-agricultural merchandise trade -- Current levels of protection -- Benefits of liberalization -- Managing adjustment -- Priorities for liberalization -- 6 Keeping markets open -- Contingent protection -- Standards -- 7 Preferential market access -- Has preferential access conferred the expected benefits? -- Has preferential access caused harm? -- Preference erosion -- Conclusion -- Part 2 Rules-related issues -- 8 What should be the scope o f WTO rules? -- Is there a link to market access? -- Are there domestic benefits to negotiating rules on regulation? -- Is there specific value in a WTO agreement? -- 9 The Singapore issues -- The Singapore issues left out of the Doha Round -- Trade facilitation -- Conclusion -- 10 The TR IPS Agreement -- TRIPS and access to medicines -- Interpreting the TRIPS regime on geographical indications -- Conclusion -- 11 Special and differential treatment -- Is there a development case for different treatment on “traditional” trade policy instruments? -- Is there a development case for different treatment on regulatory-type rules? -- Moving forward on special and differential treatment -- Part 3 Other systemic issues -- 12 Coherence -- Policy coherence at the national level -- Policy coherence at the international level -- Other policy coherence for development -- 13 Free trade agreements -- Do free trade agreements confer benefits? -- Intra-developing country free trade agreements -- 14 The Dispute Settlement Understanding -- Who uses the system? -- Why has developing country participation been limited? -- 15 Main conclusions and recommendations -- Main conclusions -- Main recommendations -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Appendix 3 -- Appendix 4 -- Appendix 5 -- Appendix 6 -- Appendix 7 -- Appendix 8 -- Countries on the UN official list of LDCs that are WTO Members or observers -- G'90 countries (ACP, LDC , or African Union) that are WTO Members or observers -- OECD members -- The <(poorest developing countries ”— some relevant factors -- A brief explanation of the structure and operation of the GATS -- The unfinished rules agenda under the GATS -- Summary of preference margins by country for agricultural products, 2003 -- WTO disputes with developing country complainants -- Notes -- References.

O autorze

UN Millennium Project