Ultrafast Phenomena VIII: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference, Antibes Juan-Les-Pins, France, June 8-12, 1992

ISBN-13: 9783642849121 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 675 str.

Jean-Louis Martin; Arnold Migus; Gerald A. Mourou

Opis

Recent improvements in the performance of light sources, i.e., reduction in pulse length and increases in wavelength range and power levels, have led toultrafast technology becoming a basic tool in a wide variety of scientific fields. This book presents the very latest developments in the rapidly rxpanding field of ultrashofrt lase pulses and their applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and artificial devices. It provides the most up-to-date record of current research and references in the field of ultrafast phenomena. Contents: Elementary Dynamics: Chemistry, Biology and Physics - Spectrospcopy and Advances in Measurements - Tools: Sources and Amplifiers - High Intensity and Nonlinear Effects - Semiconductors, Confinement and Opto-Electronics - Biology: Primary Dynamics, Electron and Energy Transfer - Chemistry: Electron and Energy Transfer, and Solvation Dynamics.

Spis treści

I Overview and General Prospects.- Additive Pulse Modelocking and Kerr-Lens Modelocking.- Molecular Control Spectrometer.- Internal Motions of Proteins.- Some Theoretical Aspects of Electron Transfer in Supermolecules.- Femtosecond Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Magneto-Excitons.- High-Order Harmonic Generation in Strong Laser Fields.- QED at 1020 W/cm2.- II Elementary Dynamics: Chemistry, Biology and Physics.- Femtochemistry.- Transient Dichroism Studies of I2 Predissociation in Solution.- Investigation of the Primary Event in Vision Using 10 fs Blue-Green Optical Pulses.- Mechanisms of Charge Separation in Bacterial Reaction Centers.- Coherent Phonons in Superconducting Materials.- Displacive Excitation of Coherent Phonons.- Femtosecond Time-Resolved Photodissociation of Triiodide Ions in Alcohol Solution: Directly Observed Photoinduced Vlbrational Coherence of Reactants and Products.- Vibrational Coherence in Charge Transfer.- Ultrafast Dynamics in Solution: Wavepacket Motion and the Cage Effect in Iodine.- Femtosecond Time-Resolved Ionization Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules.- A Study of Nuclear Vibrational Wave Packets in Na2 by Time- and Frequency-Resolved Fluorescence Upconversion.- Ultrafast Dynamics of Solid C60.- Femtosecond Dynamics of Molecular and Cluster Ionization and Fragmentation.- Dephasing and Beats of Excitonic-Enhanced Transitions of J-Aggregates Measured by Femtosecond Time-Resolved Resonance CARS.- Excited States Dynamics of the Special Pair Dimer.- Creation of an Anti-Wavepacket in a Rydberg Atom.- Squeezing of the Molecular Vibrations by Femtosecond Laser Pulses.- III Spectroscopy and Advances in Measurements.- Spectroscopic Applications of Phase-Locked Femtosecond Pulses.- Use of Piecewise Phase-Swept Pulses to Counteract Inhomogeneous Decay in Wave Packet Interferometry.- Ultrafast Nonlinear Spectroscopy with Chirped Optical Pulses.- Multiple Excitation Pulse, Multiple Probe Pulse Femtosecond Spectroscopy.- Stimulated Emission Pumping and Selective Excitation by Adiabatic Passage with Frequency-Modulated Picosecond Laser Pulses.- A Subpicosecond Optical Sampling System.- Femtosecond Sagnac Interferometry.- Femtosecond Time-Gated Imaging of Translucent Objects Hidden in Highly Scattering Media.- Femtosecond Waveform Processing via Spectral Holography.- The Chronocyclic Representation of Ultrashort Light Pulses.- Femtosecond Pulse Phase Measurement by Spectrally Resolved Up-Conversion.- Single-Shot Measurement of the Intensity and Phase of a Femtosecond Pulse.- Two-Photon Interference Measurement of Ultrafast Laser Pulses.- Picosecond Single-Shot Pulse-Shape Measurement by Stochastic Sampling of Detected Photon Times.- Integrated Devices for Single Picosecond Pulse Measurements.- The C850X Ultrafast Streak Camera: An Instrument to Study Spatially and Temporally Subpicosecond Laser-Matter Interaction.- Distortion of a 6 fs Pulse in the Focus of a BK7 Lens.- IV Tools: Sources and Amplifiers.- Modelocking, Stabilizing, and Starting Ultrashort Pulse Lasers.- 17 fs Pulses from a Mode-Locked Ti:Sapphire Laser.- Design Considerations for Femtosecond Ti:Sapphire Oscillators.- Self-Mode-Locked Cr3+:LiCaAlF6 and Cr3+:LiSrAlF6 Lasers.- Sub-50 fs Pulse Generation from a Self-Starting CW Passively Mode-Locked Cr:LiSrAlF6 Laser.- CW Krypton-Laser Pumped Cr3+:LiSrAlF6 and Cr3+:LiSro.8Ca0.2AlF6 Crystals Produce 150 fs Mode-Locked Pulses.- 60-fs Chromium-Doped Forsterite (Cr4+:Mg2SiO4) Laser.- Femtosecond Pulses from Nd:Glass Lasers.- A Diode-Pumped Picosecond Oscillator at 1053 nm.- A New Intracavity Antiresonant Semiconductor Fabry-Perot Passively Mode-Locks Nd:YLF and Nd:YAG Lasers.- CW Mode-Locked Singly-Resonant Optical Parametric Oscillator Pumped by a Ti:Sapphire Laser.- 70 fs, High-Average Power, CW Infrared Optical Parametric Oscillator.- Femtosecond Intracavity Dispersion Measurements.- Time Synchronization Measurements Between Two Self-Modelocked Ti:Sapphire Lasers.- Femtosecond Synchronous Pumping of Dye Lasers with 250 kHz with a Tr.Sapphire Regenerative Amplifier.- Millijoule Femtosecond Pulse Amplification in Ti:Al2O3 at Multi-kHz Repetition Rates.- High Repetition Rate CW Pumped Cr:LiSAF Regenerative Amplifier.- 18 fs Pulse Generation by a Single Excimer-Laser-Pumped Pulsed Dye Laser.- Monolithic CPM Diode Lasers.- Ultrashort Pulse Generation from High-Power Arrays Using Intracavity Nonlinearities.- 100-Gbps Response of Microcavity Lasers.- Sequential Laser Emission in Multiple Quantum Well Vertical-Cavity Structures.- Experimental Analysis of Gain Modulation in Sub-Picosecond (~0.45 ps) Mode-Locked Laser Diodes.- Generation of Stable Pulse Trains with a Passively Modelocked Er-Fiber Laser.- Generation of Pairs of Solitons in an All-Fibre, Femtosecond Soliton Source.- Nonlinear Loop Mirrors in Fiber Lasers.- Temporal Characteristics of the Ytterbium-Erbium Figure-8 Laser.- Generation of 1.7 ps Solitons by Amplification of Pulses from a Laser Diode with Saturable Absorber in an Erbium-Doped Fibre.- V High Intensity and Nonlinear Effects.- Generation of Ultra-Intense Pulses and Applications.- Generation of 50 TW Femtosecond Pulses in a Nd-Glass Chain.- All-Solid Femtosecond Oscillator-Amplifier Laser Chain with 100 mJ per Pulse.- Development of a High Intensity Femtosecond LiSAF Laser.- Contrasted Behaviors of Stark-Induced Resonances in Multiphoton Ionization of Krypton.- Phase-Dependent Ionization Using an Intense Two-Color Light Field.- Stabilization of Atoms in Ultra-Intense Laser Pulses: A Classical Model.- Inertially Confined Molecular Ions.- A Femtosecond Lightning Rod.- Plasma Physics with Ultra-Short and Ultra-Intense Laser Pulses.- X-Rays Generated by Femtosecond Laser-Produced Plasmas.- K-Shell Emission from 100 fs Laser-Produced Plasmas Created from Porous Aluminum Targets.- Kilovolt X-Ray Emission from Femtosecond Laser-Produced Plasmas.- Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Plasmas Generated by Superintense Femtosecond Laser Pulses.- Picosecond Soft-X-Ray Pulse Length Measurement by Pump-Probe Absorption Spectroscopy.- Photon Acceleration via Laser-Produced Ionization Fronts.- Propagation of Intense Laser Pulses in Plasmas.- Ponderomotive Steepening in Short-Scale-Length Laser-Plasmas.- Possibility of Experimental Studies of Nonlinear Quantum Electrodynamics Effects Using High Power Ultrashort Laser Pulses.- Soliton-Like Self-Trapping of Three-Dimensional Patterns.- Physical Origins of the Spectral Continuum: Self-Focusing, Self-Trapping and Cerenkov Radiation.- Diffraction and Focussing of Spectral Energy in a Two-Photon Process.- Efficient Raman Conversion of Femtosecond UV Light Pulses.- Organic Crystalline Fiber for Efficient Compression of Femtosecond Laser Pulses.- Nonlinear Temporal Diffraction in Optical Fibers.- Generation of a Soliton Pulse Train in an Optical Fibre Using Two CW Single-Frequency Diode Lasers.- Experimental Investigation of Dark Solitons Interaction.- Femtosecond Pulse Propagation in Erbium-Doped Single-Mode Fibers.- Compression of Pulses from Soliton Fibre Lasers in a Dispersion-Decreasing Fibre.- VI Metals, Surfaces and Materials.- Observation of the Thermalization of Electrons in a Metal Excited by Femtosecond Optical Pulses.- Femtosecond Thermionic Emission: Experiment, Analytical Theory, and Particle Simulations.- Electron-Electron Dynamics Observed in Femtosecond Thermoreflection Measurements on Noble Metals.- Inversion of Single- and Two-Photon Photoelectric Sensitivities of Metals in the Femtosecond Range.- Femtosecond Relaxation of Plasma Excitations in Silver Films.- Femtosecond Free Induction Decay of Metal Surface Adsorbate Vibrations.- Observation of Laser-Induced Desorption of CO from Cu(111) with 100 fs Time-Resolution.- Femtosecond Desorption of Molecular Oxygen from Pt(111).- Femtosecond Carrier Dynamics in Solid C60 Films.- The Role of Covalency in Femtosecond Time-Resolved Reflectivity of Hydrodynamically Expanding Solid Surfaces.- Ultrafast Formation Processes of Self-Trapped Excitons in Alkali Iodide Crystals under Band-to-Band Excitation.- Femtosecond Self-Trapping of Interacting Electron-Hole Pairs in ?-SiO2.- Ultrafast Soft Mode Dynamics in Ferroelectric Crystals.- Temporal Domain Study of the Phase Transition in PbTiO3: A1 Symmetry Investigation.- Femtosecond Transient Absorption Measurements on Low Band Gap Thiophene Polymers.- Effects of Crosslinking in Host Polymer on Picosecond Optical Dephasing of Doped Dye Molecules.- Ultrafast Relaxation of Exciton and Soliton-Antisoliton Pair in One-Dimensional Conjugated Polymers.- Polarization-Dependent Femtosecond Dynamics of MBE-Grown Phthalocyanine Organic Thin Films.- Detection of a New Strongly-Coupled Vibration Mode During the Exciton Bleaching of Polydiacetylene.- Pressure-Induced Vibrational Relaxation and Electronic Dephasing in Molecular Crystals.- Ultrafast Reversible Phase Changes for Optical Recording.- Picosecond Transient Absorption and Fluorescence Emission Studies of C60 and C70 in Solution.- VII Semiconductors, Confinement and Opto-Electronics.- Transient Absorption-Edge Singularities in GaAs.- Nonthermal Distribution of Electrons in GaAs.- Femtosecond Carrier-Carrier Interaction in GaAs.- Quantum Beats versus Polarization Interference: An Experimental Distinction.- Plasmon-Phonon Coupling and Hot Carrier Relaxation in GaAs and Low-Temperature-Grown GaAs.- Femtosecond Carrier-Carrier Interaction Dynamics in Doped GaAs.- Femtosecond Carrier Kinetics in Low-Temperature-Grown GaAs.- Transient Anisotropic Luminescence and Long-Living Polarization of an Optically Excited Dense Electron-Hole Plasma.- Hot Hole Capture by Shallow Acceptors in p-Type GaAs Studied by Picosecond Infrared Spectroscopy.- Ultrafast Dephasing and Interference of Coherent Phonons in GaAs.- Femtosecond, Electronically-Induced Disordering of GaAs.- Laser-Induced Ultrafast Order-Disorder Transitions in Semiconductors.- Femtosecond Carrier Dynamics in InGaAsP Optical Amplifiers.- Ultrafast Nonlinear Refraction in Semiconductor Laser Amplifiers.- Femtosecond Luminescence Spectroscopy of Indium Phosphide.- Dynamics of Excitons Probed by Accumulated Photon Echo.- Time-Resolved Measurement of Hot Carrier Cooling Rates in a-Si:H and a-Ge:H.- Dephasing of the Short Exciton-Polariton Pulses in Polar Semiconductors: The Cuprous Chloride Case.- Femtosecond Electronic Dynamics of CdSe Nanocrystals.- Quantum Beats Spectroscopy of Exciton Spin Dynamics in GaAs Heterostructures.- Evidence of Slow Hole Spin Relaxation in n-Modulation Doped GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well Structures.- Femtosecond Time-Resolved Four-Wave Mixing in GaAs Quantum Wells.- Exciton Radiative Lifetimes in GaAs Quantum Wells.- Optical Investigation of Bloch Oscillations in a Semiconductor Superlattice.- Coherent Pulse Breakup in Femtosecond Pulse Propagation in Semiconductors.- Absorption Saturation of the Urbach’s Tail in Multiple Quantum Wells.- Photon Echo Polarisation Rules in GaAs Quantum Wells.- Observation of Many-Body Effects in the Femtosecond Temporal Profile of Quasi-2D Exciton Free-Induction Decay.- Radiative Recombination of Free Excitons in GaAs Quantum Wells.- Field-Enhanced GaAs/AlGaAs Waveguide Saturable Absorbers.- Picosecond Excitonic Nonlinearities in the Presence of Disorder.- Fast Optical Nonlinearities in Semiconductor Quantum Dots.- Terahertz Radiation from Coherent Electron Oscillations in a Double-Quantum-Well Structure.- Optical Generation of Terahertz Pulses from Polarized Excitons in Quantum Wells.- Generation of High-Power Single-Cycle Picosecond Radiation.- Transient Electron Transport in GaAs Quantum Wells: From the Ballistic to the Quasi-Equilibrium Regime.- A Novel Free-Standing Absolute-Voltage Probe with 2.3-Picosecond Resolution and 1-Microvolt Sensitivity.- Picosecond Pseudomorphic AlGaAs/InGaAs MODFET Large-Signal Switching Measured by Electro-Optic Sampling.- Ultrafast Decay of Photodiffractive Gratings in Hetero n-i-p-i’s by Enhanced In-Plane Transport.- Picosecond High-Sensitivity InxGal-xAs Photodetectors.- An Ultrafast Polarization-Independent All-Optical Demultiplexer Utilizing Induced-Frequency Shift.- Electrical Soliton Devices as >100 GHz Signal Sources.- Determination of Photonic Band Gaps and Dispersion in Two-Dimensional Dielectric Arrays with Ultrafast Electromagnetic Transients.- VIII Biology: Primary Dynamics, Electron and Energy Transfer.- Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy of Protein Dynamics.- Ultrafast Near-IR Spectroscopy of Carbonmonoxymyoglobin: The Dynamics of Protein Relaxation.- Energetics and Dynamics of Global Protein Motion.- Investigation of the Reaction Coordinate for Ligand Rebinding in Photoexcited Hemeproteins Using Transient Raman Spectroscopy.- Resonance Raman Studies of Electronic and Vibrational Relaxation Dynamics in Heme Proteins.- Molecular Processes in the Primary Reaction of Photosynthetic Reaction Centers.- Femtosecond Spontaneous Emission Studies of Photosynthetic Bacterial Reaction Centers.- Subpicosecond Emission Studies of Bacterial Reaction Centers.- Picosecond Fluorescence Kinetics of Purple Bacterial Reaction Centers.- Primary Radical Pair Formation in Photosystem-Two Reaction Centres.- Energy Transfer and Primary Charge Separation in Heliobacteria by Picosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy.- Excitation Energy Transfer in Mutants of Rb. sphaeroides: The Effects of Changes in the Core Antenna Size.- Femtosecond Excitation Transfer in Allophycocyanin.- Femtosecond Förster Energy Transfer over 20 A in Phycoerythrocyanin (PEC) Trimers.- Ultrafast Energy Transfer Within the Light-Harvesting Antenna of Photosynthetic Purple Bacteria.- Femtosecond Dynamics in Rhodopsin.- Subpicosecond Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Halorhodopsin and Comparison with Bacteriorhodopsin.- IX Chemistry: Electron and Energy Transfer, and Solvation Dynamics.- Femtosecond Intermolecular Electron Transfer: Dye in Weakly Polar Electron-Donating Solvent.- Ultrafast Studies and Simulations on Direct Photoinduced Electron Transfer in the Betaines.- Picosecond Infrared Study of Ultrafast Electron Transfer and Vibrational Energy Relaxation in [(NC)5RUIICNRuIII(NH3)5]1?.- Ultrafast Studies on Intervalence Charge Transfer.- Picosecond Infrared Study of Intramolecular Energy Transfer in [(phen)(CO)3ReI(NC)Ru(CN)(bpy)2]+.- Noise-Induced Intramolecular Electron Transfer Processes in Polar Media.- Femtosecond Proton Transfer in the Electronic Ground State of Vibrationally Hot Molecules.- Solvent Effects on the Fast Proton Transfer of 3-Hydroxyflavone.- Time-Resolved Charge Separation in Acceptor-Substituted Anthrylpolyenes.- Vibrationally Unrelaxed cis-Stilbene Photoproducts Examined Through Two-Color UV Pump-Probe Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy.- Vibrational Energy Redistribution and Relaxation in the Photoisomerization of cis-Stilbene.- Photoisomerization of cis-Stilbene in Compressed Solvents.- Ultrafast Torsional Dynamics in Adsorbates: An SSHG Study.- Barrierless Photochemical Isomerization.- Femtosecond Molecular Dynamics in Liquids.- Femtosecond Solvent Dynamics Studied by Time-Resolved Fluorescence and Transient Birefringence.- Adiabatic and Nonadiabatic Effects in Solvation Dynamics.- Excited-State Processes of 7-Azaindole.- Excited-State Proton Transfer and Hydrogen-Bonding Dynamics in 7-Azaindole: Time-Resolved Fluorescence and Computer Simulation.- Transient Hole Burning Studies of Electronic State Solvation: Phonon and Structural Contributions.- Subpicosecond Study of the Dynamic Processes in Push-Pull Styrenes and the Role of Solvation.- Picosecond Studies of Charge Transfer States in “Push-Pull” Linear Diphenyl Polyenes: Experimental Evidence for TICT and Bicimer States.- Features of the Dual Fluorescence of 4-N,N-dialkylaminoalkylbenzoates in Alkanes.- Investigation of Fast Relaxation Processes in Non-Fluorescent Rhodamine Dyes.- Femtosecond Photodissociation of Aromatic Disulfides Followed by Solvent Relaxation.- Femtosecond Dynamics of C-O Bond Cleavage of a Spirooxazine Photochromic Reaction.- Dynamics of Molecular Rotation at the Air/Water Interface by Time- Resolved Second-Harmonic Generation.- Energy Relaxation and Redistribution in Large Molecules in Solution on Ultrafast Time Scales.- Photodissociation and Recombination Dynamics of I2? in Solution.- Probing the Microscopic Molecular Environment in Liquids with Femtosecond Fourier-Transform Raman Spectroscopy.- The Homogeneity of Liquid Phase Vibrational Line Broadening from Raman Echo Experiments.- Excited State Photoreactions of Chlorine Dioxide in Solution.- Bimolecular Reactions are Power-Full.- Dynamics and Mechanism of Cu-Porphyrin Triplet Quenching Through Liganding by Oxygen-Containing Solvents.- Fast Processes in Liquid Alkane Photolysis Above the Ionization Threshold.- Index of Contributors.