List of contributors; Preface; Part I. Theory: 1. Theoretical perspectives on bottom-up and top-down interactions across ecosystems Shawn J. Leroux and Michel Loreau; Part II. Ecosystems: 2. The spatio-temporal dynamics of trophic control in large marine ecosystems Kenneth T. Frank, Jonathan A. D. Fisher and William C. Leggett; 3. Top-down and bottom-up interactions in freshwater ecosystems: emerging complexities Jason M. Taylor, Michael J. Vanni and Alexander S. Flecker; 4. Top-down and bottom-up interactions determine tree and herbaceous layer dynamics in savannah grasslands A. Carla Staver and Sally Koerner; 5. Bottom-up and top-down forces shaping wooded ecosystems: lessons from a cross-biome comparison Dries P. J. Kuijper, Mariska te Beest, Marcin Churski and Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt; 6. Dynamic systems of exchange link trophic dynamics in freshwater and terrestrial food webs John L. Sabo and David Hoekman; 7. Bottom-up and top-down interactions in coastal interface systems Jan P. Bakker, Karina J. Nielsen, Juan Alberti, Francis Chan, Sally D. Hacker, Oscar O. Iribarne, Dries P. J. Kuijper, Bruce A. Menge, Maarten Schrama and Brian R. Silliman; Part III. Patterns and Processes: 8. Influence of plant defences and nutrients on trophic control of ecosystems Karin T. Burghardt and Oswald J. Schmitz; 9. Interactive effects of plants, decomposers, herbivores, and predators on nutrient cycling Sarah E. Hobbie and Sébastien Villéger; 10. The role of bottom-up and top-down interactions in determining microbial and fungal diversity and function Thomas W. Crowther and Hans-Peter Grossart; 11. The question of scale in trophic ecology Lee A. Dyer, Tara J. Massad and Matthew L. Forister; 12. The role of species diversity in bottom-up and top-down interactions Jerome J. Weis; 13. Plant and herbivore evolution within the trophic sandwich Luis Abdala-Roberts and Kailen A. Mooney; 14. Bottom-up and top-down interactions across ecosystems in an era of global change Kimberly J. La Pierre and Torrance C. Hanley; Index.