Transfer Processes in Cohesive Sediment Systems

ISBN-13: 9781468447651 / Angielski / Miękka / 2013 / 239 str.

Opis

In the transfer of chemical species through the aquatic environment the association with fine sediment particles is often of crucial importance. The n ture, permanence and kinetics of this association is, in many cases, unknown yet it is central to any effort concerned with predicting the pathways of pollutant transfer and the fluxes along them. It is often unclear to precisely what surface, if any, a pollutant is attached. The transfer of species between surfaces and solution may be chemically or biochemically controlled. These processes may take place within a host framework which has a time and space dependent structure. The natural straining of this framework resulting from physical and chemical processes moves porewater and the dissolved species in it. Thus, to adequately predict the natural transfer of species within a cohesive sediment system the physical, biochemical and chemical processes must be dynamically coupled. This informal colloquium examined topics relevant to the associ- ation of pollutant and sediment. These included the mineral particle surfaces and the surrounding ionic associations, methods of describing the particles and the physical, chemical, biochemical and biological processes operating in association with fine sediment substrates. The physical processes of sediment transport were deliberately excluded.

Spis treści

I Particle Properties and Characterisation.- A New Perspective of Several Approaches to Clay/Electrolyte Studies.- The Heterogeneous Distribution of Anions and Water around a Clay Surface with Special Reference to Estuarine Systems.- Humic Substances and the Surface Properties of Iron Oxides in Freshwaters.- Sample Pretreatment and Size Analysis of Poorly-Sorted Cohesive Sediment by Sieve and Electronic Particle Counter.- Size Distributions of Suspended Material in the Surface Waters of an Estuary as Measured by Laser Fraunhofer Diffraction.- Detecting Compositional Variations in Fine-Grained Sediments by Transmission Electron Microanalysis.- II Transfer of Porewater and Particles.- Escape of Pore Fluid from Consolidating Sediment.- The Influence of Pore-Water Chemistry on the Behaviour of Transuranic Elements in Marine Sediments.- The Incorporation of Radionuclides into Estuarine Sediments.- Distribution, Composition and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of the River Tamar Catchment and Estuary, UK.- Water Quality Aspects of Dumping Dredged Silt into a Lake.- III Microbiological Effects.- Autotrophic Iron-Oxidising Bacteria from the River Tamar.- Nitrogen Cycling Bacteria and Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen in Intertidal Estuarine Sediments.- List of Participants.