Toward Detonation Theory

ISBN-13: 9780387986722 / Angielski / Twarda / 1999 / 156 str.

Anatolii Nikolaevich Dremin; A. N. Dremin

Opis

It is known that the Chapman-Jouguet theory of detonation is based on the assumption of an instantaneous and complete transformation of explosives into detonation products in the wave front. Therefore, one should not expect from the theory any interpretations of the detonation limits, such as shock initiation of det onation and kinetic instability and propagation (failure diameter). The Zeldovich-Von Neuman-Doring (ZND) theory of detonation appeared, in fact, as a response to the need for a theory capable of interpreting such limits, and the ZND detonation theory gave qualitative interpretations to the detonation limits. These interpretations were based essentially on the theoretical notion that the mechanism of explosives transformation at detonation is a combustion of a layer of finite thickness of shock-compressed explosive behind the wave shock front with the velocity of the front. However, some experimental findings turned out to be inconsistent with the the ory. A very small change of homogeneous (liquid) explosives detonation velocity with explosive charge diameter near the rather sizable failure diameter is one of the findings. The elucidation of the nature of this finding has led to the discovery of a new phenomenon. This phenomenon has come to be known as the breakdown (BD) of the explosive self-ignition behind the front of shock waves under the effect of rarefaction waves."

Spis treści

1 Advantages and Limitations of Chapman—Jouguet and Zeldovich—Von Neumann—Döring Detonation Physical Models.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Chapman—Jouguet Detonation.- 1.3 Zeldovich—Von Neumann—Döring Detonation.- 1.4 Breakdown Phenomenon.- 2 Shock Initiation of Detonation and Breakdown Phenomena.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Liquid Explosives Shock-to-Detonation Transition Process and Breakdown Phenomena.- 2.2.1 Experimental.- 2.2.2 Chaiken’s Hypothesis and Its Verification.- 2.2.3 Degenerated Adiabatic Thermal Explosion at the Interface.- 2.2.4 On Limiting Conditions of Shock-to-Detonation Transition in Liquid Explosives.- 2.3 On Shock Initiation of Detonation in Solid Explosives.- 2.3.1 Hot Spots Nature of Reaction Origin and Progress in Heterogeneous Explosives.- 2.3.2 Association of Regularities of Energy Release by Hot Spots Mechanism and Change of Initiating Shock Wave Profile.- 2.3.3 Limit Condition for Shock-to-Detonation Transition in Heterogeneous Explosives.- 2.3.4 Change with Shock Pressure of Transformation Mechanism of Heterogeneous Explosives.- 3 Detonation Kinetic Instability and Breakdown Phenomena.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Mechanism of Instability Origin.- 3.3 Mechanism of Unstable Detonation Front Inhomogeneity Control.- 3.4 Structure of a Highly Unstable Detonation Front.- 3.5 Unstable-to-Stable Detonation Transition.- 3.6 Comparison of Pulsating and One-Dimensional Models of Detonation Front.- 3.7 The Nature of Spinning and Galloping Detonations.- 4 Failure Diameter and Breakdown Phenomena.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Failure Diameter of Detonation of Liquid Explosives.- 4.2.1 Introduction.- 4.2.2 Failure Diameter of the Unstable Detonation of Liquid Explosives.- 4.2.3 Limits of Propagation of Unstable Detonation in Metal Tubes.- 4.2.4 Failure Diameter of Stable Detonation of Liquid Explosives.- 4.2.5 Dependence of Liquid Explosive Detonation Failure Diameter on Initial Temperature.- 4.2.6 Propagation of Detonation of Liquid Explosives Along a Thin-Walled Metal Tube Surrounded by the Same Explosive.- 4.2.7 Conclusion: Failure Diameter of Detonation of Liquid Explosives.- 4.3 Failure Diameter of Detonation of Condensed Heterogeneous Explosives.- 4.3.1 Introduction.- 4.3.2 On the Michailyuk—Trofimov Theory of the Detonation Failure Diameter of Condensed Heterogeneous Explosives.- 4.3.3 Conclusion: Failure Diameter of Detonation of Heterogeneous Explosives.- 4.4 Conclusions.- 5 On Shock Wave Chemistry of Molecular Condensed Explosives.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Results and Discussion.- 5.3 Conclusions.- 6 General Conclusion.- References.