Time-Integrative Geographic Information Systems: Management and Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Data

ISBN-13: 9783540410164 / Angielski / Twarda / 2001 / 234 str.

T. Ott; Frank Swiaczny; Thomas Ott

Opis

The book deals with the integration of temporal information in Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The main purpose of a historical or time-integrative GIS is to reproduce spatio-temporal processes or sequences of events of the real world in a model in such a way as to make them accessible for spatial query, analysis and visualisation. The volume reflects theoretical thoughts on the interrelations of space and time and includes practical examples taken from various fields of application (spatial/environmental analysis, demographics, history, business data warehousing).

Recenzje

From the reviews of the first edition:

"The integration of time in predominantly spatially driven and static geographical information systems (GIS) has been biased towards theoretical concepts rather than practical solutions. This book by Ott and Swiaczny provides a new addition to the small but growing collection of textbooks that are available on temporal GIS. … This book will be of use to graduate students and senior undergraduate students … . Professionals whose work involves the development of spatiotemporal databases will find interest in this book." (Suzana Dragicevic, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, Vol. 30, 2003)

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 1.1 The relationship of space and time.- 1.2 Targets and contents of the book.- 1.2.1 What this book is about.- 1.2.2 What this book is not about.- 1.2.3 How to use this book.- 1.2.4 Structure and organization of the book.- 1.3 Further Reading.- 1.3.1 Introductions in GIS and reference books.- 1.3.2 Data capturing, data management, database technology and data storage.- 1.3.3 Land survey, cadastre, remote sensing and GPS.- 1.3.4 Map projections and reference systems.- 1.3.5 Data models, topology and spatial queries.- 1.3.6 Spatial statistics, spatial analysis and spatial modelling.- 1.3.7 Data warehousing and decision support systems.- 1.3.8 Visualisation techniques, cartography and Web-GIS.- 1.3.9 GIS project management and applications of GIS.- 1.3.10 Manuals and programming language handbooks.- 1.3.11 Philosophical, social, political and legal aspects of GIS.- 2 Conceptualising real world entities in spatio-temporal GIS.- 2.1 The geographer’s perspective on space and time.- 2.2 Modelling the real world in Geographic Information Systems.- 2.2.1 Steps in building a GIS.- 2.2.2 Stages of abstraction in modelling a GIS.- 2.2.3 Conceptualising the real world in GIS.- 2.2.4 Geo-coding.- 2.2.5 Geo-referencing.- 2.3 The representation of space in GIS.- 2.3.1 Vector data models.- 2.3.2 Raster data models.- 2.4 Integration of external models in Geographic Information Systems.- 2.4.1 The dasymetric mapping problem.- 2.4.2 The modifiable areal unit problem.- 2.4.3 The closed number set problem.- 2.4.4 The ecological fallacy problem.- 2.5 Spatio-temporal dimensions in GIS.- 3 Integrating time in Geographic Information Systems.- 3.1 Different types of time.- 3.2 Conceptualising time in GIS.- 3.2.1 Snapshots.- 3.2.2 Time slices.- 3.2.3 Topology of time.- 3.2.4 Space-time composite.- 3.2.5 The amendment vector method.- 3.2.6 ER-models of temporal objects.- 3.2.7 patio-temporal object model.- 3.3 Event and database time.- 3.4 Version management.- 3.5 Types of temporal databases.- 4 Implementation of time in GIS.- 4.1 Implementation problems.- 4.2 Project design.- 4.2.1 Top down approach.- 4.2.2 Bottom up approach.- 4.2.3 Acquiring the technology.- 4.3 Implementation constraints.- 4.3.1 Data sources.- 4.3.2 Spatio-temporal GIS approaches.- 4.3.3 Temporal point maps.- 4.3.4 Gazetteer method.- 4.3.5 Raster cell spatio-temporal GIS.- 4.3.6 Past in present snapshots.- 4.3.7 Time slices overlay method.- 4.3.8 Least common geometries method.- 4.3.9 Pseudo-object GIS.- 5 Processing and analysis of temporal data inside a GIS.- 5.1 Common GIS analysis functions.- 5.2 Spatial and thematic queries.- 5.2.1 Spatial queries.- 5.2.2 Thematic queries.- 5.2.3 Statistical analysis.- 5.2.4 Overlay and split.- 5.2.5 Geometric-topological operations.- 5.2.6 Interpolation.- 5.2.7 Network functions.- 5.3 Temporal queries.- 5.4 Process analysis and simulation.- 6 The visualization of spatio-temporal processes.- 6.1 Basic concepts of spatio-temporal visualisation.- 6.2 Displaying time on a map.- 6.3 Multidimensional GIS.- 6.4 GIS and Multimedia.- 7 Examples.- 7.1 Building a historical GIS.- 7.2 Studying historical transport networks.- 7.3 Exploring cultural landscape change.- 7.4 Working with cadastres.- 7.5 Predicting wildfires.- 7.6 Mapping urban growth.- 7.7 Reconstructing archaeological excavations.- 7.8 Mining for business data.- 8 Conclusion.- 8.1 Summary.- 8.2 Outlook.- 9 Appendix.- 9.1 Research bibliography.- 9.2 Internet links.- CD-ROM with examples / code from the book.

Blurb

The book deals with the integration of temporal information in Geographic Information Systems. The main purpose of an historical or time-integrative GIS is to reproduce spatio- temporal processes or sequents of events in the real world in the form of a model. The model thus making them accessible for spatial query, analysis and visualization. This volume reflects both theoretical thoughts on the interrelations of space and time, as well as practical examples taken from various fields of application (e.g. business data warehousing, demographics, history and spatial analysis).