This Is Philosophy: An Introduction

ISBN-13: 9781119635536 / Angielski / Miękka / 2021 / 320 str.

Steven D. (Bloomsburg University) Hales

Spis treści

Preface for Instructors xPreface for Students xivAcknowledgments xvi1 Ethics: Preliminary Views 11.1 Is Morality Just Acting on Principles? 31.2 Divine Command Theory (Is Morality Just What God Tells Me to Do?) 61.3 Egoism (Is Morality Just My Own Personal Code?) 101.4 Moral Relativism (Is Morality Just How Society Says We Should Act?) 182 Ethics: The Big Three Theories 272.1 Utilitarianism (Is Morality Doing What I Can to Make This the Best World Possible?) 272.2 Deontology, or Kantianism (Is There an Absolute Moral Law?) 422.3 Objections 482.4 Virtue Ethics (Is Morality all about Having a Virtuous Character?) 522.5 Objections 543 God 623.1 The Attributes of God 643.2 Why There is a God 663.3 Why There is No God 933.4 Atheist Responses to the Free Will Defense 1024 Freedom 1114.1 Against Free Will, Part 1: Divine Foreknowledge 1144.2 Against Free Will, Part 2: A Regress of Reasons for Acting 1174.3 Against Free Will, Part 3: Determinism and the Dilemma Argument 1234.4 The Incompatibilist Argument 1264.5 The Dilemma Argument Against Free Will 1294.6 Free Will and Moral Responsibility 1294.7 Agent Causation 1334.8 Compatibilism 1354.9 The Feeling of Freedom 1395 Self 1455.1 Preliminary Positions 1475.2 The Soul Criterion 1495.3 Objections 1515.4 The Physicalist Criterion 1565.5 The Psychological Criterion 1635.6 The Bundle Theory 1736 Mind 1836.1 Substance Dualism 1846.2 Behaviorism 1926.3 Mind-brain Identity Theory 1966.4 Functionalism 2027 Knowledge 2157.1 The Value of Truth 2157.2 The Value of Evidence 2197.3 The Sources of Evidence 2307.4 The Nature of Knowledge 2337.5 The Skeptic's Challenge 2368 Politics 2548.1 State of Nature 2558.2 Anarchy 2578.3 Contractarianism 2608.4 Leviathan and the Philosopher Kings 2668.5 The Minimal State 2728.6 The Liberal State 276Postscript 284Index 286

O autorze

STEVEN D. HALES is Professor and Chair of Philosophy at Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania. He works primarily in metaphysics and epistemology, and has published in Mind, Noûs, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, and other journals. He has been a Visiting Professor at the Universities of Cambridge, Turin, Edinburgh, and London, and has won awards for both teaching and research. He has written or edited 12 books, most recently The Myth of Luck: Philosophy, Fate and Fortune (2020).