Thermodynamics of Minerals and Melts

ISBN-13: 9781461258735 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 304 str.

R. C. Newton; A. Navrotsky;B. J. Wood

Opis

Today large numbers of geoscientists apply thermodynamic theory to solu tions of a variety of problems in earth and planetary sciences. For most problems in chemistry, the application of thermodynamics is direct and rewarding. Geoscientists, however, deal with complex inorganic and organic substances. The complexities in the nature of mineralogical substances arise due to their involved crystal structure and multicomponental character. As a result, thermochemical solutions of many geological-planetological problems should be attempted only with a clear understanding of the crystal-chemical and thermochemical character of each mineral. The subject of physical geochemistry deals with the elucidation and application of physico-chemical principles to geosciences. Thermodynamics of mineral phases and crystalline solutions form an integral part of it. Developments in mineralogic thermody namics in recent years have been very encouraging, but do not easily reach many geoscientists interested mainly in applications. This series is to provide geoscientists and planetary scientists with current information on the develop ments in thermodynamics of mineral systems, and also provide the active researcher in this rapidly developing field with a forum through which he can popularize the important conclusions of his work. In the first several volumes, we plan to publish original contributions (with an abundant supply of back ground material for the uninitiated reader) and thoughtful reviews from a number of researchers on mineralogic thermodynamics, on the application of thermochemistry to planetary phase equilibria (including meteorites), and on kinetics of geochemical reactions."

Spis treści

I General Principles.- 1 The Operational Basis and Mathematical Derivation of the Gibbs Differential Equation, Which is the Fundamental Equation of Chemical Thermodynamics.- II Thermodynamics of Mineral Systems.- 2 Thermodynamic Analysis of Simple Mineral Systems.- 3 Lambda Transitions in Minerals.- 4 Crystal Field Electronic Effects on the Thermodynamic Properties of Fe2+ Minerals.- 5 Isotopic Thermometry.- 6 Calculation of Thermodynamic Properties of End-Member Minerals from Natural Parageneses.- 7 Thermodynamics of the Garnet—Plagioclase—AlcSiO5—Quartz Geobarometer.- 8 The Thermodynamics of the Mg2Si2O6-CaMgSi2O6 Join: A Review and an Improved Model.- III Thermodynamics of Melt Systems.- 9 Thermodynamics of Simple Molten Salt Mixtures.- 10 Thermodynamics of Mixing in Silicate Glasses and Melts.- 11 Thermodynamic Modeling of Silicate Melts.- 12 Calculating Mineral—Melt Equilibria with Stoichiometry, Mass Balance, and Single-Component Distribution Coefficients.- 13 Volatile Interactions in Magmas.