Thermal Properties of Solids at Room and Cryogenic Temperatures

ISBN-13: 9789401777797 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 216 str.

Guglielmo Ventura; Mauro Perfetti

Opis

The minimum temperature in the natural universe is 2.7 K. Laboratory refrigerators can reach temperatures in the microkelvin range. Modern industrial refrigerators cool foods at 200 K, whereas space mission payloads must be capable of working at temperatures as low as 20 K. Superconducting magnets used for NMR work at 4.2 K.
Hence the properties of materials must be accurately known also at cryogenic temperatures.This book provides a guide for engineers, physicists, chemists, technicians who wish to approach the field of low-temperature material properties. The focus is on the thermal properties and a large spectrum of experimental cases is reported. The book presents updated tables of low-temperature data on materials and a thorough bibliography supplements any further research.
Key Features include: Detailed technical description of experiments
Description of the newest cryogenic apparatus
Offers data on cryogenic properties of the latest new materials
Current reference review"

Spis treści

General Introduction. The need of thermal properties.
1) Theoretical background
1.1 Specific heat; 1.2 Thermal expansion; 1.3 Thermal conductivity; 1.4 Interrelations among thermal properties
2) Measurements of Thermal conductivity
2.1 Physical problems in low-temperature measurements; 2.2 Methods above 4 K; 2.3 Example of measurement: amorphous material; 2.4 Example of measurement. metallic alloys; 2.5 Methods below 4 K; 2.6 Example of measurement: amorphous material; 2.7 Example of measurement: pure metals; 2.8 Example of measurement: metallic alloys and superconductors
3) Measurements of heat capacity
3.1 Physical problems in low-temperature measurements; 3.2 Methods; 3.3 Examples of measurement: amorphous material; 3.4 Examples of measurement: semiconductor
4) Measurements of thermal expansion
4.1 Physical problems in low-temperature measurements; 4.2 Methods; 4.3 Examples of measurements of thermal expansion
5) Specific heat data
6) Thermal expansion data
7) Thermal conductivity data
8) Additional useful data and references
9) Subject index

O autorze

Guglielmo Ventura was professor of Cryogenics and Vacuum Technologies at the University of Florence until he retired in 2013. He is now a cryogenic consultant for INFN, Rome, in the European project LUCIFER. He has collaborated in space, rocket and balloon born experiments (measurement of the Cosmic Background Radiation or CBR) and is now involved in CUORE (Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events) underground experiments.

Mauro Perfetti was born in 1988 in La Spezia (Italy). After his graduation with first class of honors in 2007, he obtained his bachelor’s degree in 2010 and his master’s degree in 2012 in Chemistry, both Summa com Laude. In 2012 he won a position as PhD student in Chemical Sciences in the University of Florence with the supervision of Professor Roberta Sessoli. Despite his young age, he is co-author of many papers published by prestigious journals. His research line, inserted in the field of Molecular Magnetism, is mainly focused on the understanding of the low temperature magnetic behaviour of anisotropic lanthanide-based Single Molecule Magnets and on the electrical and magnetic characterization of new hybrid materials composed by Single Molecule Magnets grafted on Nanoparticles.

Blurb

This book is a guide for materials scientists, physicists, chemists and engineers who wish to explore the field of low-temperature material properties. The focus is on heat capacity, thermal expansion and electrical and thermal conductivity. The authors report a wide range of experimental details and data, and have compiled useful tables of low-temperature data.

Each chapter of the book starts by addressing the theoretical basis of the phenomena. This is a concise presentation, but it helps the reader to develop a deeper understanding of the experiments. The second part of the chapters is dedicated to describing the main experimental techniques to measure thermal properties at low and very low temperature ranges. The final part of each chapter provides a wealth of relevant experimental data in the form of tables and graphs.