The Utilization of Bioremediation to Reduce Soil Contamination: Problems and Solutions

ISBN-13: 9781402011429 / Angielski / Miękka / 2003 / 440 str.

Vaclav Sasek; Vaclav Sasek; John A. Glaser

Opis

Since the "pioneering" time of the mid-1980s, the rate of adoption of in situ bioremediation strategies has been stagnating. To paraphrase Mark Twain, however, news of the demise of bioremediation may have been exaggerated; there is still a widespread belief that bioremediation remains a viable and promising technology. Among the many topics addressed in this book, three are of particular significance. The first concerns the development of suitable toxicological tests to be used in conjunction with bioremediation strategies. Traditional reliance on chemical analysis to understand the direction and extent of treatment in a bioremediation process has been found to be inadequate. Whereas the goal of bioremediation is toxicity reduction, few direct, reliable measures of this process are as yet available. Another area of intense discussion is the assessment of market forces contributing to the acceptability of bioremediation. Finally, another important component is a series of lectures and lively exchanges devoted to practical applications of different bioremediation technologies. The range of subjects covers a wide spectrum, encompassing emerging technologies as well as actual, full-scale operations. Examples discussed include landfarming, biopiling, composting, phytoremediation and mycoremediation. Each technology is explored for its utility and capability to provide desired treatment goals. Advantages and limitations of each technology are discussed. The concept of natural attenuation is also critically evaluated since in some cases where time to remediation is not a significant factor, it may be an alternative to active bioremediation operations.

Spis treści

Preface. Contributors. I: Biomass Estimation Techniques. Rapid Detection/Identification of Microbes, Bacterial Spores, Microbial Communities, and Metabolic Activities in Environmental Matrices; D.C. White, et al. Comparison of Effective Organisms in Bioremediation Processes: Potential Use of Nucleic Acid Probes to Estimate Cyanide Degradation in situ; M. Barclay, et al. Modern Methods for Estimating Soil Microbial Biomass and Diversity: An Integrated Approach; J.A. Harris, J. Steer. Part II: Comparison of Effective Organisms in Bioremediation Process. Recent Advances in the Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Mycobacterium Species; C.E. Cerniglia. Toxic Metal Contamination Treatment with Microbes; G.M. Gadd. Aerobic Biodegradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): The Fate, Distribution, Kinetics and Enhancement of PCB Biodegradation Efficacy in the Bacterial Cell Suspension of Pseudomonas stutzeri; K. Dercová, et al. Adsorption of Heavy Metals to Microbial Biomass: Use of Biosorption for Removal of Metals from Solutions; P. Baldrian, J. Gabriel. Nonenzymic Degradation and Decolorization of Recalcitrant Compounds; F. Nerud, et al. The Impact of Sulfonation Pattern on Indigo Degradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium Ligninolytic Enzymes*; H. Podgornik, A. Perdih. Screening of Fungal Strains for Remediation of Water and Soil Contaminated with Synthetic Dyes*; C. Novotný, et al. Effect of Countermeasures of Radionuclide Uptake by Agricultural Plants*; N. Goncharova, P. Kislushko. Part III: Ecotoxicology and Toxicity Monitoring of Bioremediation Measures. Low-Cost Microbiotests for Toxicity Monitoring during Bioremediation of Contaminated Sites; G.Persoone, B. Chial. Application of Bioassays for Site-Specific Risk Assessment; A.P. Loibner, et al. Effect of PAH-Contaminated Soil on some Plants and Microorganisms; B. Maliszewska-Kordybach, B. Smreczak. Development of immunomicroscopic methods for bioremediation; K.C. Ruel, J.-P. Joseleau. Ecotoxicological Evaluation of PAH-Contaminated Soil Using Earthworms*; M. Bhatt, et al. Use of Bioassays in Determining the Ecotoxicity of Industrial Soils*; M.A.T. Dela Cruz, et al. Genotoxicity Estimation in Soils Contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons after Biodegradation*; K. Malachová, et al. Ecotoxicological Hazard Assessment of Solid-Phase Samples*; L. Pollumaa, A. Kahru. Monitoring of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Slovak Freshwater Sediments: Use of Semipermeable Membrane Devices*; R. Tandlich, et al. Part IV: Application of Bioremediation to Environmental Problems. Biopiles for Remediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil: A Polish Case Study; T. Hazen, et al. Why mycoremediations have not yet come into practice; V. Šašek. From Laboratory to Industrial Scale: Composting of Polluted Soils from Former Coal Industry and Gas Plants: Future Research Needs; H.C. Dubourguier. Plant Biotechnology for the Removal of Organic Pollutants and Toxic Metals from Wastewaters and Contaminated Sites: Phytoremediation; T. Vanek, J.-P. Schwitzguébel. Consideration of Plant Based Remediation and Restoration of Contaminated Sites Containing Heavy Metals: The Canadian Experience; T. McIntyre. Combined Removal of Oil, Toxic Heavy Metals and Arsenic from Polluted Soil; S.N. Groudev. Landfarming Framework for Sustainable Soil Bioremediation; R.C. Sims, J.L. Sims. Spent Mushroom Substrate: White Rot Fungi in Aged Creosote-Contaminated Soil*; T. Eggen.