ISBN-13: 9780415477543 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 334 str.
ISBN-13: 9780415477543 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 334 str.
Time itself creates advantages and disadvantages in the field of taxation. The timing of the recognition of income and expenses for tax purposes has two main implications: firstly, for the timing of the collection of tax, and secondly, for the question of quantification, i.e., how to ensure that the difference between the timing of the recognition of income or expenses, as opposed to the respective dates on which the amounts are actually received or paid, does not distort the determination of the amount of chargeable income. The time component is a weapon in the confrontation between the opposing motivations of the taxpayers and the tax authorities. In any given fiscal year, taxpayers seek to present a minimal picture of their chargeable income, by "deferring" the recognition of income or "advancing" the recognition of expenses. As opposed to this, the tax authorities adopt the opposite strategy: maximizing taxable "profit" in any given year. This book critically examines the various approaches that have been adopted in the tax systems in the UK, the US and Israel in relation to the timing of income recognition and expenses for tax purposes. It suggests an innovative tax model that identifies the advantages that arise to the taxpayer as a result of the differences between the timing of the recognition of income and expenses, and the timing of the receipt of the revenue or the payment of a liability, and taxes only that advantage.
Time creates by itself advantages and disadvantages in the field of taxation. The perpetual confrontation between tax authorities and taxpayers creates opposing motivations: taxpayers strive to maximize tax advantages whereas tax authorities endeavour to cancel such advantages. The time component (or timing) has become a weapon in such a confrontation. It is thus natural that taxpayers will seek, in a given fiscal year, to present a minimalistic picture of the "profit" that should be taxable in that year, and this may be done, inter alia, by "deferring" the recognition of income or "advancing" the recognition of deductions. It is natural, by the same token, that tax authorities adopt the opposite strategy: maximizing taxable "profit" in any given year. Consequently, tax authorities will be inclined to advance the timing at which the income is recognized for calculating the "taxable profit", or to defer the timing at which the deductions, reducing the "profit" for tax purposes, may be allowed.
This book critically examines the various approaches that have been adopted in the tax systems in the U.K., the U.S., and Israel, in relation to the timing of income recognition and expenses for tax purposes. This book suggests an innovative model that seeks to identify the advantage which may arise to the taxpayer as a result of the time differences between the timing of the recognition of income and expenses for tax purposes, and the timing of the receipt of the revenue or the making of the payment, and tax only that advantage itself.