The Structure of the World in Udayana’s Realism: A Study of the Lakṣaṇāvalī and theKiraṇāvalī

ISBN-13: 9789400977112 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 180 str.

M. Tachikawa

Opis

Books dealing with individual philosophers as well as annotated translations of their works are very much in need in the field of classical Indian philos- ophy. Hence the research efforts of modern scholars should increasingly be devoted to this objective. Professor M. Tachikawa has selected a very short elementary treatise of Udayana as well as some portions of a larger work of the same author to supplement the first. His aim is to present to us, in Udayana's own term, how he (Udayana) sees the Nyaya-VaiSe~ika system in a synoptic fashion. I wish to take this opportunity to say a few things about Udayana and the Nyaya-Vaise~ika system. UDAYANA Udayana was a pre-eminent philosopher and an astute logician of the eleventh- twelfth century India. He belonged to the Mithila region of the present Bihar 1 state. In the history of the Nyaya-V aise~a, he holds a very crucial position. In fact, two different schools of philosophy, Nyaya and Vaise~a, belonging to ancient India, merged into one in the writings of Udayana. As it has been said, in Udayana, the happy marriage between Nyaya and Vaise~ika was com- plete - the Vai e~ika ontological scheme (padiirthas or system of categories) was in this way combined with the pramiir:za doctrine (logic and a theory of knowledge) of Nyaya to produce what later came to be designated as Navya- nyaya.

Spis treści

I: The Structure of the World.- I. Introduction: Basic Concepts.- A. The World and Its Components.- B. Property (dharma) and Property-possessor (dharmin).- C. Qualiflcans (vi?e?a?a) and Qualificand (vi?e?ya).- D. Individual Manifestation (vyakti) and Generic Character (j?ti).- E. Statements Expressing thedharma-dharmin Relation.- II. Background History and Methodology.- A. Background History.- B. Methodology.- C. My Subject.- D. An Analysis of N?g?rjuna’s Nominalistic View.- III. Udayana and his Works.- A. The Time of Udayana.- B. The Works of Udayana.- IV. The Structure Of The World — Introduction to a Translation of the Lak?a??va?.- V. Differentiation Of Categories — Introduction to a Translation of the Kira??val?.- A. The Concept of Inherence.- B. Differentiation in Terms of Definition (lak?a?a).- C. Differentiation in Terms of the Manifestor-Manifested (vyañjaka-vyañgya) Relation.- D. Differentiation of Qualities from Other Categories.- E. Differentiation in Terms of ‘Cooking’ or Change Due to Heat (p?ka).- F. Differentiation of Substances (dravya).- G. Differentiation of Universals (s?m?nya) — Generic Character (j?ti) and Imposed Property (up?dhi).- H. The Hierarchy of Generic Characters.- VI. Conclusion.- Notes Of Chapters I–VI.- II: A Translation and the Sanskrit Text of the Lak?a??va?.- Notes.- III: A Translation of the Kira??val?.- A. The Section on Earth.- B. The Section on Water.- C. The Section on Fire.- Notes to Sections on Earth, Water, and Fire.- Abbreviations and References.