The Rotation of Sun and Stars

ISBN-13: 9783540878308 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 276 str.

Jean-Pierre Rozelot; Coralie Neiner

Opis

The Sun and stars rotate in di?erent ways and at di?erent velocity rates. The knowledge of how they rotate is important in understanding the formation and evolution of stars and their structure. The closest star to our Earth, the Sun, is a good laboratory to study in detail the rotation of a G star and allows to test new ideas and develop new techniques to study stellar rotation. More or less massive, more or lessevolved objects, however, can have averydi?erent rotation rate, structure and history. In recent years our understanding of the rotation of the Sun has greatly improved. The Sun has a well-known large-scale rotation, which can be m- sured thanks to visible features across the solar disk, such as sunspots, or via spectroscopy. In addition, several studies cast light on di?erential rotation in the convective zone and on meridional circulation in the radiative zone of the Sun. Even the rotation of the core of the Sun can now be studied thanks to various methods, such as dynamics of the gravitational moments and of course, helioseismology, through g-modes analysis. Moreover, the magnetic ?eld is strongly linked to the matter motions in the solar plasma. The solar magnetic ?eld can be measured only at the surface or in theupperlayers.Itistheproductoftheinternaldynamoorofthelocaldynamos if they exist - in any case magnetic ?eld and rotation cannot thus be separated.

Spis treści

The Sun: A Slowly Rotating Star.- What Is Coming: Issues Raised from Observation of the Shape of the Sun.- Effects of Rotation on Stellar p-Mode Frequencies.- Approaching the Low-Frequency Spectrum of Rotating Stars.- The Rotation of the Solar Core.- Physics of Rotation in Stellar Models.- Long Baseline Interferometry of Rotating Stars Across the HR Diagram: Flattening, Gravity Darkening, Differential Rotation.- Is the Critical Rotation of Be Stars Really Critical for the Be Phenomenon?.- On the Rotation of A-Type Stars.- The Solar Magnetic Field: Surface and Upper Layers, Network and Internetwork Field.

Blurb

The Sun and stars rotate in different ways and at different rates of velocity, and knowledge of how they rotate is important in understanding the formation and evolution of stars and their structure.

The wide variety of stars offers an equally wide variety of rotation rates and rotational evolution. From the slowly rotating stars to stars rotating close to their breakup velocities, different techniques and models have to be developed to study rotation and its effects on physical aspects of stars. In fact, one currently witnesses a complete renewal of astrophysical ideas about stellar rotation, mainly due to the development of new models including high-order effects of rotation and magnetism.

This book, while not attempting to answer all questions about rotation, given that many issues still have to be further investigated, focuses on the basics and some particular aspects while aiming to show why it is important, from a physical point of view, to study stellar rotation.

Based on courses given at a graduate school, these tutorial lectures will be of interest and useful to a rather broad audience of scientists and students.