The Radiological Examination of the Colon: Practical Diagnosis

ISBN-13: 9789400967861 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 372 str.

D. J. Miller; Jovitas Skucas

Opis

The purpose of this book is to explain the current state of the art in radiological examination, interpretation, and understanding of colonic disease. The radiologic aspects of colon disease are combined here with clinical information to serve both beginners and advanced students. Major emphasis has been placed on technique for those radiologists, residents, and technologists first undertaking modern gastrointestinal radiographic techniques. The essentials of technique are stressed so that the reader obtains a clear understanding of colon disease based on sound practical information. We believe this book is a thorough and practical text of particular interest to clinical radiologists and gastroenterologists in their everyday practice, and also for teachers, residents and medical students. Digital examination and sigmoidoscopy are the first procedures in examination of the colon. Then, the radiologic examination is the next most important procedure. Endoscopy and biopsy play a compli- mentary role to the radiological examination. The barium enema reveals quickly and early the overall status of the colon and it can then guide endoscopy and biopsy together with subsequent treatment. Surely, if the lesion is not detected our clinical, radiologic, endoscopic, and therapeutic skills are of no use.

Spis treści

I Methods.- 1. Techniques of examination.- A. Noncontrast radiography.- The acute abdominal examination.- B. The single-contrast barium enema.- C. Water-soluble contrast enema.- D. Antegrade study of the colon.- E. Colonoscopy.- a. Introduction.- b. Advantages.- c. Limitations.- d. Complications.- F. Miscellaneous techniques.- a. Angiography.- b. Computer tomography.- c. Nuclear medicine.- d. Ultrasonography.- 2. The double-contrast barium enema.- A. Introduction.- B. Equipment.- a. Introduction.- b. Room design.- c. Generator.- d. Screen—film.- e. Tables.- f. Grids.- g. Lateral decubitus x-ray tube.- h. X-ray recording cameras.- C. Contrast agents.- D. Patient preparation.- a. Introduction.- b. Laxatives.- c. Preparation for barium enema.- d. Cleansing enema.- E. Pharmacological agents.- F. Technique.- a. Introduction.- b. Barium addition.- c. Drainage.- d. Air insufflation.- G. Radiography.- a. Introduction.- b. Rectum.- c. Sigmoid colon.- d. Descending colon.- e. Transverse colon.- f. Ascending colon.- g. Terminal ileum.- h. Sequence of filming.- H. Colostomy enema.- I. Complications.- a. Introduction.- b. Enema tip trauma.- c. Perforation due to balloon.- d. Perforation due to increased pressure.- e. Barium intravasation.- f. Barium peritonitis.- g. Infection.- h. Cardiac complications.- i. Autonomic dysreflexia.- II The Normal Colon.- A. Introduction.- B. Bowel wall.- C. Vascular anatomy.- D. Gross appearance.- E. Appendix.- F. Right colon.- G. Transverse colon.- H. Left colon.- I. Sigmoid colon.- J. Rectum.- III Lesions.- 1. The colitides.- A. Introduction.- B. Ischemic colitis and related vascular disorders.- a. Introduction.- b. Mesenteric thrombosis, embolus, and low flow states.- c. Vasculitis.- d. Benign colon ulcers.- e. Bleeding diathesis.- f. Vascular malformations.- C. Regional enteritis.- a. Introduction.- b. Clinical considerations.- c. Pathology.- d. Radiology.- e. Complications.- f. Differential diagnosis.- D. Cathartic colitis.- E. Ulcerative colitis.- a. Introduction.- b. Clinical considerations.- c. Pathology.- d. Radiology.- e. Complications.- f. Differential diagnosis.- F. Infectious colitis.- a. Introduction.- b. Bacterial colitides.- c. Parasitic colitides.- d. Fungal colitides.- e. Venereal colitides.- f. Viral colitis.- G. Radiation colitis.- 2. Diverticular disease.- A. Introduction.- B. Etiology and pathogenesis.- C. Clinical considerations.- D. Radiology of diverticulosis.- E. Radiology of diverticulitis.- F. Complications.- a. Obstruction.- b. Perforation and fistula formation.- c. Bleeding.- G. Differential diagnosis.- 3. Tumors.- A. Introduction.- B. Benign tumors.- a. Introduction.- b. Clinical considerations.- c. Radiology of benign polyps.- d. Adenoma.- e. Lipoma.- f. Hyperplastic polyp.- g. Hamartoma.- h. Carcinoid.- i. Other miscellaneous polyps.- j. Polyposis syndromes.- C. Malignant tumors.- a. Introduction.- b. Clinical considerations.- c. Radiology of adenocarcinomata.- d. Recurrent carcinoma.- e. Sarcoma.- f. Lymphoma and leukemia.- g. Secondary neoplasms.- 4. Miscellaneous lesions.- A. Appendiceal lesions.- a. Introduction.- b. Appendicitis.- c. Tumors.- d. Intussusception.- B. Endometriosis.- C. Amyloidosis.- D. Volvulus.- a. Introduction.- b. Cecal volvulus.- c. Transverse colon volvulus.- d. Ileosigmoid knot.- e. Sigmoid volvulus.- E. Progressive systemic sclerosis (Scleroderma).- F. Pneumatosis intestinalis.- G. Developmental abnormalities.- a. Malrotation.- b. Situs inversus.- c. Atresia.- d. Bands.- e. Duplication.- f. Hirschsprung’s disease.- H. Extrinsic lesions.- a. Gallbladder disease.- b. Renal disease.- c. Pancreatic disease.- d. Pelvic lipomatosis.- e. Gastroduodenal disease.- f. Miscellaneous lesions.- I. Colon hernias.- a. Esophageal hiatus hernia.- b. Pleuroperitoneal hernia.- c. Morgagni hernia.- d. Traumatic hernias.- e. Inguinal hernias.- f. Umbilical hernias.- g. Spigelian hernia.- h. Incisional hernias.- i. Internal hernias.- J. Colon ileus.- K.Colitis cystica profunda.- Index of subjects.