The Physical Basis of Bacterial Quorum Communication

ISBN-13: 9781493947362 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 252 str.

Stephen J. Hagen

Opis

Quorum sensing (QS) describes a chemical communication behavior that is nearly universal among bacteria. Individual cells release a diffusible small molecule (an autoinducer) into their environment. A high concentration of this autoinducer serves as a signal of high population density, triggering new patterns of gene expression throughout the population. However QS is often much more complex than this simple census-taking behavior. Many QS bacteria produce and detect multiple autoinducers, which generate quorum signal cross talk with each other and with other bacterial species. QS gene regulatory networks respond to a range of physiological and environmental inputs in addition to autoinducer signals. While a host of individual QS systems have been characterized in great molecular and chemical detail, quorum communication raises many fundamental quantitative problems which are increasingly attracting the attention of physical scientists and mathematicians. Key questions include: What kinds of information can a bacterium gather about its environment through QS? What physical principles ultimately constrain the efficacy of diffusion-based communication? How do QS regulatory networks maximize information throughput while minimizing undesirable noise and cross talk? How does QS function in complex, spatially structured environments such as biofilms? Previous books and reviews have focused on the microbiology and biochemistry of QS. With contributions by leading scientists and mathematicians working in the field of physical biology, this volume examines the interplay of diffusion and signaling, collective and coupled dynamics of gene regulation, and spatiotemporal QS phenomena. Chapters will describe experimental studies of QS in natural and engineered or microfabricated bacterial environments, as well as modeling of QS on length scales spanning from the molecular to macroscopic. The book aims to educate physical scientists and quantitative-oriented biologists on the application of physics-based experiment and analysis, together with appropriate modeling, in the understanding and interpretation of the pervasive phenomenon of microbial quorum communication.

Spis treści

Chapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Modeling of Signal Transduction by The Quorum-Sensing Pathway in the Vibrios.- Chapter 3. Stochastic Effects in Quorum Sensing.- Chapter 4. Spatial Structure of Microbes in Nature and the Biophysics of Cell-Cell Communication.- Chapter 5. Functionality of Autoinducer Systems in Complex Environments.- Chapter 6. Localization of Quorum Sensing by Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS): Considerations of in Situ Signaling.- Chapter 7. Swimming in Information?  Physics Limits to Learning by Quorum Sensing.- Chapter 8. Interplay Between Sibling Bacterial Colonies.- Chapter 9. Mathematical Insights Into the Role of Feedback in Quorum-Sensing Architectures.- Chapter 10. The Role of Biosurfactants in Bacterial Systems.- Chapter 11. Ecology of a Simple Synthetic Biofilm.- Chapter 12. Engineering Cell-to-Cell Communication To Explore Fundamental Questions in Ecology and Evolution.

Blurb

This book aims to educate physical scientists and quantitatively-oriented biologists on the application of physical experimentation and analysis, together with appropriate modeling, to understanding and interpreting microbial chemical communication and especially quorum sensing (QS). Quorum sensing describes a chemical communication behavior that is nearly universal among bacteria. Individual cells release a diffusible small molecule (an autoinducer) into their environment. A high concentration of this autoinducer serves as a signal of high population density, triggering new patterns of gene expression throughout the population. However QS is often much more complex than simple census-taking. Many QS bacteria produce and detect multiple autoinducers, which generate quorum signal cross talk with each other and with other bacterial species. QS gene regulatory networks operate in physically complex environments and respond to a range of inputs in addition to autoinducer signals. While many individual QS systems have been characterized in great molecular and chemical detail, quorum communication raises fundamental quantitative problems that increasingly attract the attention of physical scientists and mathematicians. Key questions include: What kinds of information can a bacterium gather about its environment through QS? How do QS regulatory networks employ feedback and nonlinearity, and how do they modulate or manage gene regulatory noise? How does QS function in complex, spatially structured environments such as biofilms? What physical and chemical factors in the environment ultimately constrain diffusion-based communication? What types of physical phenomena, such as motility and hysteresis, can be facilitated by QS? How can we manipulate and interpret QS behavior in complex physical environments and artificial structures? Previous books and reviews have focused on the microbiology and biochemistry of QS. With contributions by leading scientists and mathematicians working in the field of physical biology, this volume examines the interplay of diffusion and signaling, collective and coupled dynamics of gene regulation, and spatiotemporal QS phenomena. Chapters describe experimental studies of QS in natural and engineered or microfabricated bacterial environments, as well as theory and modeling of QS on intracellular as well as extracellular, macroscopic length scales.

·         Analyzes bacterial quorum sensing from a physical and mathematical perspective

·         Explores the role of spatiotemporal diffusion, physical environment, regulatory dynamics, stochasticity and information in quorum communication

·         Includes contributions from leading experimentalists, theoreticians, engineers and modelers

·         Takes a physical science and engineering approach to the subject, but will appeal to anyone with an interest in physical biology