The Orienting Reflex in Humans: An International Conference Sponsored by the Scientific Affairs Division of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

ISBN-13: 9780367774295 / Angielski / Twarda / 2021 / 766 str.

H. D. Kimmel; E. H. Van Olst; J. F. Orlebeke

Opis

Originally published in 1979, the world’s leading researchers contributed chapters describing their work on the orienting reflex in humans. The contributions, at the time current and comprehensive, address the orienting reflex, now recognized as a fundamental component of human learning and cognitive function.

Spis treści

Prologue.  Part 1: Physiological Mechanisms of the Orienting Reflex  1. The Orienting Reaction: Key to Brain Re-presentational Mechanisms  2. Habituation and the Orienting Reflex: The Dual-Process Theory Revisited  3. Orienting and Evoked Potentials  4. Event-Related Slow Potentials of the Brain as Expressions of Orienting Function  5. Maintenance and Habituation of the Phasic Orienting Response to Competing Stimuli in Selective Attention  6. Habituation of the Components of the AEP to Stimuli of Different Intensities  7. Interstimulus Interval Length and Habituation of the P300  Part 2: Cardiac and Motor Processes in Orienting  8. Distinguishing Among Orienting, Defense, and Startle Reflexes  9. Orienting Activity in Two-Stimulus Paradigms as Reflected in Heart Rate  10. Orienting and Defensive Cardiac Responses  11. Myocardial Performance and Stress: Implications for Basic and Clinical Research  12. Some Questions about the Motor Inhibition Hypothesis  13. A Psychobiological Approach to the Differentiation of Orienting and Defense Responses  14. Evaluation of Temporal Vasomotor Components of Orienting and Defensive Responses  15. Neonatal Heart-Rate Response to Auditory Stimuli Varying in Intensity over Trials  Part 3: Orienting and Behavioral Plasticity  16. Unconditioned and Conditioned Orienting Reflex: Psychophysiological Investigations  17. Interrelationships Among Components of Orienting Behavior  18. Orienting Reflexes and Classical Conditioning in Humans  19. A Pavlovian Psychophysiological Perspective on the OR: The Facts of the Matter  20. The Effect of Stimulus Intensity and Intertrial Interval on Long-Term Retention of the OR  21. A Comparison of the Pupillary and Electrodermal Components of the Orienting Reflex in Sensitivity to Initial Stimulus Presentation, Repetition, and Change   22. The Effects of Representation of an Habituation Stimulus Coincident with a Period of High Arousal on Long-Term Habituation of the Electrodermal Orienting Response  23. Pavlovian First and Second Signal System Influences on the SCR Component of the Orienting Reflex  24. The Orienting Component of the Classically Conditioned GSR  25. The Orienting Response and Subjective Assessment of Stimulus Significance  Part 4: Attentional and Cognitive Factors in Orienting  26. Monotony and Uncertainty in the Habituation of the Orienting Reflex  27. The Orienting Response, Attention, and Learning: An Information-Processing Perspective  28. Orienting Response and Information-Processing: Some Theoretical and Empirical Problems  29. The Interaction of Stimulus Information with Potential Stimulus Significance in Eliciting the Skin Conductance Orienting Response  30. Stimulus Significance and the Orienting Reaction  31. Orienting Reflex and Uncertainty Reduction in a Concept-Learning Task  32. Selective Attention and the Orienting Response  Part 5: Personality and Individual Differences in the Orienting Reflex  33. The Orienting Reflex as a Personality Correlate  34. Orienting and Defensive Reflexes in the Detection of Deception  35. The Orienting Reflex in Anxiety and Schizophrenia  36. A Comparison of Auditory Behavior in the Premature and Full-Term Infant: The Effects of Intervention  37. Individual Differences in Infant Speech Perception: A Method of Assessment  38. Habituation and Conditioning of the Orienting Reflex in Intellectually Gifted and Average Children  39. Variations of the Orienting Response in Learning-Disabled Children  40. Extroversion Orienting Reaction Habituation Rate and Sensitivity to Visual Stimuli  41. Sex Differences in Habituation of the Orienting Reflex  42. Electrodermal Measures of Arousal in Humans with Cortical or Subcortical Brain Damage  43. Individual Differences in Orienting Response Magnitude Related to Academic Performance  44. Information Content of the Electrodermal Orienting Response  45. Differential Drug Action on Electrodermal Orienting Responses as Distinct from Nonspecific Responses and Electrodermal Levels  46. Applied Research and the Orienting Reflex: A Few Proposals.  Author Index.  Subject Index.

O autorze

H. D. Kimmel, E. H. van Olst and J. F. Orlebeke