1. Introduction: Muslims and modernity: culture and society in an age of contest and plurality Robert W. Hefner; Part I. Social Transformations: 2. New networks and new knowledge: migrations, communications and the refiguration of the Muslim community in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries R. Michael Feener; 3. Population, urbanisation and the dialectics of globalisation Clement M. Henry; 4. The origins and early development of Islamic reform Ahmad S. Dallal; 5. Reform and modernism in the middle twentieth century John O. Voll; 6. Islamic resurgence and its aftermath Saïd Amir Arjomand; 7. The new transnationalism: globalising Islamic movements Peter Mandaville; 8. Muslims in the West: Europe John Bowen; 9. Muslims in the West: North America Karen Isaksen Leonard; 10. New frontiers and conversion Robert Launay; Part II. Religion and Law: 11. Contemporary trends in Muslim legal thought and ideology Sami Zubaida; 12. A case comparison: Islamic law and the Saudi and Iranian legal systems Frank E. Vogel; 13. Beyond Dhimmihood: citizenship and human rights Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im; 14. The : scholarly tradition and new public commentary Muhammad Qasim Zaman; 15. Sufism and neo-Sufism Bruce B. Lawrence; Part III. Political and Economic Thought: 16. Islamic political thought L. Carl Brown; 17. Women, family and the law: the Muslim personal status law debate in Arab states Lynn Welchman; 18. Culture and politics in Iran since the 1979 revolution Nikki R. Keddie; 19. Modern Islam and the economy Timur Kuran; Part IV. Cultures, Arts and Learning: 20. Islamic knowledge and education in the modern age Robert W. Hefner; 21. History, heritage and modernity: cities in the Muslim world between destruction and reconstruction Jens Hanssen; 22. Islamic philosophy and science S. Nomanul Haq; 23. The press and publishing Ami Ayalon; 24. The modern art of the Middle East Venetia Porter; 25. Cinema and television in the Arab world Walter Armbrust; 26. Electronic media and new Muslim publics Jon W. Anderson; Glossary; Bibliography.