Acknowledgements Introduction Part I: Animals 1. The Mirror of Nature Distorted: The Medieval Artist’s Dilemma in Depicting Animals 2. Falconry and Medieval Views of Nature 3. The Protohistory of Pike in Western Culture 4. Animals Images in Gottfried von Strassburg’s Tristan: Structure and Meaning in Metaphor Part II: Animals and People 5. Martyrs and Monks, Insects, and Animals 6. The Shadow of Reason: Explanations of Intelligent Animal Behavior in the Thirteenth Century 7. The Goddess Natura in the Occitan Lyric 8. Wild Folk and Lunatics in Medieval Romance Part III: People and the Land 9. The Land, Who Owns It?10. Cultured Nature in Chaucer’s Early Dream-Poems 11. Dante’s Utopian Landscape: The Garden of God 12. Father God and Mother Earth: Nature Mysticism in the Anglo-Saxon World Notes on Contributors Index