The Limits of Family Influence: Genes, Experience, and Behavior

ISBN-13: 9780898621488 / Angielski / Miękka / 1995 / 232 str.

David C. Rowe

Opis

Most parents believe that their child's personality and intellectual development is a direct result of their child-rearing practices and home environment. This belief is supported by many social scientists who contend that the influences of "nature" and "nurture" are inseparable. Challenging such universally accepted assumptions, The Limits of Family Influence argues that socialization science has placed too heavy an emphasis on the family as the bearer of culture. Similarly, it reveals how the environmental variables most often named in socialization science--such as social class, parental warmth, and one- versus two-parent households--may also be empty of causal influence on child outcomes such as intelligence, personality, and psychopathology.

Recenzje

The past 15 years have been especially exciting for researchers interested in the human family. It has, for example, been a time of enormous change, especially, although not exclusively, in industrialized societies. It has also been a time of considerable theoretical ferment. A pivotal point in the agitation shaking the foundation of family research, in fields as diverse as anthropology, economics, history, psychology and sociology, is the role of biology in understanding family structure and process, including the cognitive, emotional, and social development of children. Old assumptions are having to be cast aside and new research questions are being asked. David Rowe's own research and that of others discussed in The Limits of Family Influence should be required reading for all family and developmental researchers. --Robert L. Burgess, Ph.D., Professor of Human Development, Depart of Human Development and Family Studies, Pen State University

Rowe has exposed the flimsy foundation that underlies our current (mis)understanding of family socialization processes. No matter where you stand on the nature-nurture controversy, you owe it to yourself to grapple with the provocative thesis that is the title of this book. The Limits of Family Influence will revolutionize thinking about how families function--should be required reading for all who seek to understand the psychological development of children. --Matt McGue, Professor of Psychology, University of Minnesota

David Rowe, in The Limits of Family Influence, argues that 'Socialization Science' (in which he would include a good deal of the activity of sociologists, criminologists, social anthropologists, child developmentalists, and the like) has got itself into serious hot water by attributing to family influence effects that are in fact mostly due to the genes. Not all sociologists, criminologists, etc., will want immediately to shut up shop, but it surely behooves them to find out what it is that Rowe is saying, and on what evidence he is saying it. This energetic and readable book should provide a good place to start towards a fundamental reevaluation of some of the most cherished dogmas of the social sciences. --John C. Loehlin, Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin

David Rowe challenges one of the most deeply held assumptions of our culture--that family rearing differences in the normal range affect the development of personality, psychopathology, and intelligence. He argues from behavioral genetic research, much of which Rowe himself pioneered, that nature (genetics) largely prevails over nurture (family rearing). His message is that the emperor of environmentalism has no clothes. Rowe reviews the weak case for rearing effects in the socialization literature, and contrasts it with genetic research on personality, psychopathology, and intelligence. He shows that genetic influences are important. And so is the environment. But the environment works, not on an family-by-family basis, but rather on an individual-by-individual basis. The book is provocative in the best sense of the word. Anyone interested in in children's development must come to grips with Rowe's clarion call about the nature of nurture. --Robert Plomin, Ph.D., Director, Center for Developmental and Health Genetics, Pennsylvania State University

Do socialization practices influence individual differences? David Rowe argues that they do not. In this provocative and accessible book, he presents the argument in favor of a view, widely shared among contemporary behavior geneticists, that environmental influences shared by individuals reared in the same family have a vanishingly small effect on individual differences in such psychological characteristics as intelligence, personality, and psychopathology. Those who disagree, and I suspect there will be many, should read the book if only to discover why behavior geneticists fail to believe in what Rowe calls 'the myth of family influence.' --Nathan Brody, Professor of Psychology, Wesleyan University

Rarely does a scholar come along to shake the very foundation of a large scientific enterprise -- in this case, the multi-million dollar research establishment that studies the alleged effects of family environments on children's development. Research on the ubiquitous correlations between home environments and children's outcomes has simply assumed that differences among homes caused differences among the children, and assumed that the home differences were purely environmental. Rowe challenges both assumptions. He shows that differences among homes are better understood as genetic differences among parents and that differences among children's personalities and intellects are better explained as genetic differences transmitted by parents. The theory and research in this given book will be hard for many psychologists to swallow, given their exclusive diet of naive environmentalism. But, I assure them, it will be good for their intellectual health, and may even help them to produce more nutritious research fare in the future. --Sandra Scarr, Ph.D., Commonwealth Professor of Psychology, University of Virginia, Department of Psychology

David Rowe's The Limits of Family Influence masterfully combines technical expertise with thought-provoking analysis in a text readable -- and liked -- by both undergraduate and graduate students. [It] captures the student's interest with a provocative style, from the first paragraph's indictment of `socialization science' to the last chapter's observation that `books about genetics and social science usually close with some kind of sugarcoating...' In between, he keeps the student's interest through path analysis and model fitting. An excellent overview of modern behavior genetics. --Glayde Whitney, Ph.D., Psychology Dept, Florida State University

Rowe gives a masterly presentation....What he has to say should be known by every psychologist, sociologist, criminologist, educationalist, marriage guidance experts, and even politicians....A wonderful university course could be based on it... --H.J. Eysenck, Ph.D. in Personality and Individual Differences April 1996

Masterful.... Rowe's book is a fine piece of integrative scholarship that is accessible for advanced undergraduates and should be required reading for all who desire an up-to-date understanding of some of the most potent casual variables in developmental, social, and personality psychology. One should not even join a cocktail party conversation about The Bell Curve without thorough familiarity with Rowe's thesis concerning the limits of nurture to affect each individual human's nature. --Michael R. Cunningham

Rowe's book presents a valuable summary of the evidence suggesting that between-family environmental influences are not major sources of influence on many individual-difference characteristics, It is time to look elsewhere....'Socialization science' considers environmental influences using genetically uniformed designs. I am inclined to agree with David Rowe--socialization science is a scientifically flawed enterprise. --Nathan Brody in Psychological Inquiry

The crucial point presented in The Limits of Family Influence is that the specific type of environmental influence is not shared by children being reared in the same family but rather is unique to each child. It is here that Rowe's explication of the logic and findings of behavioral genetic studies provides the strong argument for the limits of shared rearing environment....Overall, Rowe's message about the limited impact of shared rearing experiences is welcome.... --Richard Rende in Psychological Inquiry

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Exciting and provocative....An excellent selection for a graduate level or upper-level undergraduate course on the family. Even for readers well versed in behavior genetics, this book will provide a handy reference and be an enjoyable read.

--Family Relations, 8/4/1995ƒƒ

Rowe gives a masterly presentation....What he has to say should be known by every psychologist, sociologist, criminologist, educationalist, marriage guidance experts, and even politicians....A wonderful university course could be based on it...

--Personality and Individual Differences, 8/4/1995

Spis treści

1. The Primacy of Child Rearing in Socialization Theory
2. Separating Nature and Nurture
3. As the Twig is Bent?: Families and Personality
4. Limited Rearing Effects on Intelligence (IQ)
5. Uniting Nature and Nurture: The Genetics of Environmental Measures
6. Gender Differences
7. Why Families Have Little Influence
Index

O autorze

David C. Rowe is Professor of Family Studies at the University of Arizona. He received his A.B. degree from Harvard University and his Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Colorado. Prior to his present position, he taught at Oberlin College and the University of Oklahoma. He lives in Tucson, Arizona with his wife and son.