The Limbic System

ISBN-13: 9781461345077 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 292 str.

Robert Isaacson

Opis

While this book is intended to be an introduction to the neuroanatomy of the limbic system and to studies of the behavior of animals in which the limbic system is stimulated or damaged, it is primarily intended for advanced students of brain-behavior relationships. I have assumed the reader to have some under standing of the structure of the brain, of basic neurophysiology, and of modern behavioral techniques. It has been written for students in graduate programs in psychobiology, physiological psychology, and the neurosciences, but it also should be of interest to some medical students and to others with catholic interests in the biology of behavior. In the first chapter, I review the structure of the limbic system and in subsequent chapters consider the behavioral effects of lesions and stimulation of components of the limbic system. Supplement information derived from recording the electrical signals of the brain is included where it seems appropriate. The final chapter presents a perspective of the limbic system related to brain stem mechanisms and the neocortex. Understanding the behavioral contributions of the limbic system presupposes under standing how the limbic system interacts with other systems of the brain. v Preface vi Even though there is only one chapter overtly devoted to theoretical issues. various biases of mine influence all chapters. Anyone reading the book with a critical attitude will soon be aware of them. I would like to alert the reader to some of them ahead of time."

Spis treści

1 The Structure of the Limbic System.- The Limbic System in Nonmammals.- The Question of Homology.- The Hypothalamus.- Nuclear Groups.- Fiber Systems.- The Amygdala.- Nuclear Groups.- Fiber Systems.- The Hippocampus.- Layers of the Hippocampus.- Subdivisions of the Hippocampus.- Layers of the Fascia Dentata.- Transitional Zones to the Hippocampus.- The Fornix.- The Septal Area.- Nuclear Groups.- Fiber Connections.- The Mammillary Bodies, the Anterior Thalamus, and the Cingulate Cortex.- Limbic System-Midbrain Relations.- 2 The Hypothalamus.- Pleasurable Reactions.- The Location of Pleasure Regions.- Pain and Punishment.- The Location of Pain Regions.- Elicited Behaviors.- Changes in Elicited Behaviors.- Self-Stimulation, Arousal and Elicited Behaviors.- Relations with the Autonomic Nervous System.- Lesions of the Lateral Hypothalamus.- A Modification of the Lateral Hypothalamic Syndrome.- Escape Behavior.- Sensory Neglect.- Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions.- Selective Lesions in the Hypothalamus.- Neurochemical Systems.- The Neurochemistry of Eating.- The Neurochemistry of Behavioral Suppression.- The Mammillary Bodies, the Mammillothalamic Tract, and the Cingulate Cortex.- Lesions of the Mammillothalamic Tract.- The Cingulate Cortex: Avoidance Tasks.- Other Behavioral Contributions of the Cingulate Cortex.- Reflections and Summary.- 3 The Amygdala.- General Effects Produced by Amygdala Stimulation or Lesions.- Autonomic Effects.- Orienting and Habituation.- Emotional Changes.- Arousal and Social Reactivity.- Studies of Learning and Memory.- Aversive Conditioning.- Response Suppression in Appetitive Tasks.- Transfer and Transposition.- Reflections and Summary.- 4 The Septal Area.- General Changes Following Septal Lesions.- Emotionality.- Water Consumption.- Social Behavior.- Activity.- Changes in Performance on Learning Tasks After Septal Lesions—Avoidance Behaviors.- Response Inhibition in Appetitive Tasks.- Electrical Stimulation of the Septal Area.- Autonomic Effects Produced by Septal Stimulation.- Neurochemical Considerations.- Reflections and Summary.- 5 The Hippocampus.- General Changes Produced by Hippocampal Damage.- Locomotor Activity.- Distractibility.- Alternation.- Relations to the Autonomic Nervous System.- Endocrine Relations.- Studies of Learning and Memory—Avoidance Conditioning.- Learning in Appetitive Tasks.- The DRL Impairment.- Discrimination Learning.- Frustration.- Individual Differences in Learning Studies.- Perseveration.- Regional Differences Within the Hippocampus.- Electrical Rhythms of the Hippocampus.- The Conditioning of Hippocampal Slow Waves.- Electrical Seizure Activity.- Seizures and Memory.- Behavioral Consequences of Artificial Epileptogenic Foci.- Summary and Reflections.- 6 The Graven Image, Lethe, and the Guru.- The Triune Brain.- Animals with Predominantly Protoreptilian Brains.- More Complicated Forms of Learning and Memory.- The Limbic System and the Paleomammalian Brain.- Proactive Interference.- Inferred Characteristics of the Reptilian Core Brain.- The Neocortex: The Guru.- References.- Author Index.