ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 On the Threshold 2 The Dilemma of Power 3 Round Two: The Affiliated Unions 4 Industrial Relations: 1917-1921 5 The Union Question Internalized: Political Fragmentation 6 The Union Question Internalized: Dictatorship Within the Party 7 An Ethic of Work 8 The Party, Unions, and Dictatorship 9 The Social Problem 10 Unions, Leaders, and Members: Bureaucracy and Membership Rift 11 Union Performance, Economic Backwardness 12 Unions and the Succession Question 13 Conclusion NOTES BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX