The Interaction of Spin with Gravity in Particle Physics: Low Energy Quantum Gravity

ISBN-13: 9783030847708 / Angielski / Miękka / 2021 / 200 str.

Gaetano Lambiase; Giorgio Papini

Spis treści

Table of Contents

Introduction

Chapter 1 - Quantum Systems In Gravitational Fields

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Wave equations

1.2.1 The Schroedinger equation

1.2.2 The Klein-Gordon Equation

1.2.3 Spin-1 equations

1.2.4 Spin-gravity coupling for spin-1 particles

1.2.5 The Dirac equation in curved space-time

1.2.6 The Geometry of a Rotating Body: The Lense-Thirring metric

1.2.7 Vierbeins for accelerating and rotating systems

1.2.8 The generally covariant Dirac equation

1.2.9 Spin-2 Particles in Gravitational Fields

1.2.10 Solution of the spin-2 wave equation

1.2.11 Helicity-gravity coupling and geometrical optics

1.3 The e ect of space-time curvature on Hilbert Space. Berry phase

Chapter 2 - Applications

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Superconductors

2.1.2 Gravitational waves and super uids

2.1.3 Gravitational red-shift

2.1.4 Schwarzschild metric

2.1.5 Lense-Thirring eld of Earth

2.1.6 Bound states of ultra cold neutrons in Earth's gravitational eld

2.2 Spin-rotation coupling

2.2.1 Spin-rotation coupling in muon g-2 experiments

2.2.2 Spin-rotation coupling and limits on P and T invariance

2.3 Spin-rotation coupling in compound spin objects

2.4 Interferometers in various metrics

2.4.1 Interferometer in the eld of Earth

2.4.2 Rotation

2.4.3 The Lense-Thirring e ect for quantum systems

2.5 Zitterbewegung and gravitational Berry phase

2.5.1 Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations

2.6 Wave optics

2.7 Helicity precession of fermions in gravitational elds

2.8 Chirality precession of fermions in gravitational elds

2.9 Space-times with torsion

2.9.1 Spin- ip transition in spacetimes with torsion

Chapter 3 - Neutrinos in Gravitational Fields

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Neutrino helicity oscillations

3.1.2 Helicity oscillations in a medium

3.1.3 Neutrino avour oscillations

3.2 Neutrino Optics

3.3 Helicity Transition Induced by Gravitational Fields

3.4 Neutrino Flavour Oscillations

3.5 Neutrino Lensing

3.6 Spin-Gravity Coupling of Neutrinos with Primordial Gravitational Waves

3.7 Pulsar Kick

Chapter - 4 Radiative Processes, Spin Currents, Vortices

4.1 Radiative Processes

4.2 Spin Currents in Gravitational Fields

4.3 Vortices

4.3.1 Spin- 1/2 fermions

Chapter 5 - Other developments

5.1 Scalar-Pseudoscalar Coupling And The Search For Axions

5.2 Axion Electrodynamics

5.3 The Extended Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi Model

Conclusions

Units and Fundamental Constants

Bibliography

O autorze

G. Lambiase is Professor at the Università di Salerno, Italy. He serves as National Coordinator of the INFN project and Local Coordinator of FARB grant. He has been Member of the local team of the PRIN and of the International Ph.D. in Physics in "Gravitational Physics and Astrophysics" at the University of Salerno, a joint operation with Portsmouth University (GB) and Zurich University (CH). He also has served as Adviser at the International Institute for Advanced Scientific Studies, Vietri sul Mare, Italy. His main fields of interest are quantum field theory, general theories of gravity, astroparticles, astrophysics and cosmology.

G. Papini is Professor emeritus at the University of Regina, Canada, as well as Professor and Head of that same school’s Physics Department. He is Adviser at the International Institute for Advanced Scientific Studies, Vietri sul Mare, Italy; the Institute of Field Physics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C. USA; and the Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland. His main fields of interest are the interaction of gravity with quantum systems, the general theory of relativity and relativistic theories of gravitation.

Blurb

This book seeks to present a new way of thinking about the interaction of gravitational fields with quantum systems. Despite the massive amounts of research and experimentation, the myriad meetings, seminars and conferences, all of the articles, treatises and books, and the seemingly endless theorization, quantization and just plain speculation that have been engaged in regarding our evolving understanding of the quantum world, that world remains an enigma, even to the experts. The usefulness of general relativity in this regard has proven to be imperfect at best, but there is a new approach. We do not simply have to accept the limitations of Einstein's most celebrated theorem in regard to quantum theory; we can also embrace them, and thereby utilize them, to reveal new facts about the behavior of quantum systems within inertial and gravitational fields, and therefore about the very structure of space–time at the quantum level. By taking existing knowledge of the essential functionality of spin (along with the careful identification of the omnipresent inertial effects) and applying it to the quantum world, the book gives the reader a much clearer picture of the difference between the classical and quantum behaviors of a particle, shows that Einstein's ideas may not be as incompatible within this realm as many have come to believe, sparks new revelations of the way in which gravity affects quantum systems and brings a new level of efficiency—quantum efficiency, if you will—to the study of gravitational theory.