The Information Revolution: Impact on Science and Technology

ISBN-13: 9783642852503 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 273 str.

Jacques-Emile DuBois; Nahum Gershon

Opis

J.-E. Dubois and N. Gershon This book was inspired by the Symposium on "Communications and Computer Aided Systems" held at the 14th International CODATA Conference in September 1994 in Chambery, France. It was conceived and influenced by the discussions at the symposium and most of the contributions were written following the Conference. This is the first comprehensive book, published in one volume, of issues concerning the challenges and the vital impact of the information revolution (including the Internet and the World Wide Web) on science and technology. Topics concerning the impact of the information revolution on science and technology include: Dramatic improvement in sharing of data and information among scientists and engineers around the world Collaborations (on-line and off-line) of scientists and engineers separated by distance . Availability of visual tools and methods to view, understand, search, and share information contained in data Improvements in data and information browsing, search and access and New ways of publishing scientific and technological data and information. These changes have dramatically modified the way research and development in science and technology are being carried out. However, to facilitate this information flow nationally and internationally, the science and technology communities need to develop and put in place new standards and policies and resolve some legal issues."

Spis treści

One: Emergence of an Information Society: Facts and Challenges.- 1: Information Highways: Internet and Web Services.- Dealing with the Data Deluge. Visualization and Data Management.- Content-Based Information Retrieval: New Tools for Textual Data, New Problems for Image Data.- The World-Wide Web: A Global Source of Data and Information.- Structuring and Visualizing Hyperspace with Hyper-G.- Internet-Web and St Data Management: Harmonization and New Horizons.- Online Electronic Publishing: Developing Infrastructure for the Electronic Reader.- A Workbench for Bibliographic or Factual Data Handling.- 2: Obstacles to a Free or Fair Circulation of Scientific Data.- Facets of the Kaleidoscope of Scientific Information.- ICSU Policy on Access to Data and Information.- Issues in the Transborder Flow of Scientific Data.- Legal and Economic Aspects of Data Production and Transfer.- Guidelines of a European Meteorological Services Policy on Data Exchange.- 3: Distributed Data and Information Networks.- Integrated Ground-Based and Remotely Sensed Data to Support Global Studies of Environmental Change.- Critical Factors for the Use of Public Databases.- The Nasa Astrophysics Data System: A Heterogeneous Distributed Data Environment.- Computer Networks with Episodic Links and the Use of Portable Computers.- Dynamic Management of Cooperative Applications for Mobile Systems.- Two: Worldwide and Regional Information Systems, Policies and Programs.- 4: Unesco Policy, Worldwide Networks, Regional Exchange Equity.- Unesco Policy on Scientific Data Exchange: Grave Disparities in Data Access Possibilities.- Networking Africa’s Scientific and Technical Information Resources.- New Technologies (Multimedia — Hypertext — Hypermedia) Potential Use in Developing Countries.- Barriers to International Technology Transfer.- The Developments of a Scientific Research Data Network System in China.- 5: Numerical, Textual and Image Databases.- Integrated Information Management for Physics.- Numerical Databases — Can We Afford Them?.- Teaching Biology by Video Images Assisted by Computer: Embryological Laboratories.- The State of Chinese Materials Databases.- 6: Case Study: Worldwide Bioinformatics Distributed Databases.- Bioinformatics — Pulling the European Strings Together.- Bioinformatics in East Asia.- Bioinformatics in the United States: Recent Trends from a Microbiological Perspective.- MMTDB: The Metazoa Mitochondrial DNA Variants Specialized Database.- Epitope Databank.- Protein Superfamily Database (PROSUP).- Concerted Use of Multiple Databases for Taxonomic Insights.