The Impact of Desert Dust Across the Mediterranean

ISBN-13: 9789048147649 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 391 str.

Stefano Guerzoni; R. Chester

Opis

The atmosphere is an important pathway for the transport of continentally-derived material to the oceans. In this respect the Mediterranean Sea is of special importance because its atmosphere receives inputs of anthropogenic aerosols from the north and desert- derived Saharan dusts from the south. The dusts, much of which is transported in the form of seasonal 'pulses', have important effects on climate, marine chemistry and sedimentation in the Mediterranean Sea. This volume brings together reviews and specific-topic papers on the following aspects of Saharan dust transport to the Mediterranean Sea: (i) the modelling of Saharan dust transport, (ii) the chemistry and mineralogy of the dusts and their effect on precipitation, (iii) the contribution of the dusts to marine sedimentation, (iv) the aerobiology of the dusts, and (v) climatic implications of Saharan dust transport. The volume is aimed at students and researchers with an interest in the climate, biogeochemistry and geology of the Mediterranean Sea.

Spis treści

Preface. Modelling and Climate. Climate Modeling Over the Mediterranean Region: An Overview; F. Giorgi. Modeling of Dust Processes for the Saharan and Mediterranean Area; S. Nickovic. Quantitative Remote Sensing of African Dust Transport to the Mediterranean; F. Dulac, et al. Model Components Necessary to Capture a Dust Plume Pattern Over the Mediterranean Sea; M. Schulz, et al. The Preliminary Modeling Results of Saharan Dust Transport to the Mediterranean Sea and Europe; S. Grigoryan, L. Erdman. Importance of the Source Term and the Size Distribution to Model the Mineral Dust Cycle; Y. Balkanski, et al. The Effects of Desert Particles on Cloud and Rain Formation in the Eastern Mediterranean; Z. Levin, E. Ganor. Application of a Lagrangian Model to the Study of the Atmospheric Fluxes to the Western Mediterranean; M. Alarcón, et al. Atlantic Perturbations Deeply Penetrating the African Continent: Effects Over Saharan Regions and the Mediterranean Basin; M. Conte, et al. Seasonal Distribution of the Boundary Layer Depths over the Mediterranean Basin; U. Dayan, et al. Biomass Burning in North Africa and Its Possible Relationship to Climate Change in the Mediterranean Basin; D.O. Suman. Modeling the Present and Last Glacial Maximum Transportation of Dust to the Arctic With an Extended Source Scheme; K. Andersen, C. Genthon. Geology and Source Regions. Saharan Dust Transport Over the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean: An Overview; J.M. Prospero. Mineralogical Characterisation of Saharan Dust with a View to its Final Destination in Mediterranean Sediments; E. Molinaroli. The Mineralogical and Chemical Properties and the Behaviour of the Eolian Saharan Dust over Israel; E. Ganor, et al. Identification and Quantification of Dust Additions in Peri-Saharan Soils;L. Hermann, et al. Sedimentological Characteristics of Saharan and Australian Dusts; L. Kiefert, et al. Saharan Dust Input to the Western Mediterranean: An Eleven Years Record in Corsica; M.D. Loÿe-Pilot, J.M. Martin. African Dust Over Northeastern Spain: Mineralogy and Source Regions; A. Avila, et al. Saharan Aerosols: From the Soil to the Ocean; C. Guieu, A.J. Thomas. Atmosphere-Ocean Mass Fluxes at Two Coastal Sites in Sardinia (39-41° N, 8-10° E); O. Le Bolloch, et al. Mineralogy and Source of High Altitude Glacial Deposits in the Western Alps: Clay Minerals as Saharan Dust Tracers; L. Tomadin, et al. Grain Size Analysis of Aerosol and Rain Particles: A Methodological Comparison; G. de Falco, et al. Aerobiological Results from the 1994 Cruise of the Urania (CNR) II; P. Comtois, P. Mandrioli. Long-Range Transport of Biological Particles of Desert Origin: A Short Review; M. Hjelmroos. Chemical Fluxes and Composition of the Atmosphere. The Influence of Saharan and Middle Eastern Desert-Derived Dust on the Trace Metal Composition of Mediterranean Aerosols and Rainwater: An Overview; R. Chester, et al. Elemental Composition and Air Trajectories of African Dust Transported in Northern Italy; P. Bonelli, et al. The Impact of Saharan Dust on Trace Metal Solubility in Rainwater in Sardinia, Italy; F. Frau, et al. Northward Transport of Saharan Dust Recorded in a Deep Alpine Ice Core; D. Wagenbach, et al. Estimating Dust Input to the Atlantic Ocean Using Surface Water Aluminium Concentrations; C.I. Measures, E.T. Brown. Effect of Saharan Dust Transport on Ozone and Carbon Dioxide Concentration; P. Bonasoni, et al. African Dust Influence on Rainwater on the Eastern Coast of Spain; A. Carratalà, et al. Trace Metal C