The Human Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area: A Neuroanatomical Study with Notes on Aging and Aging Diseases

ISBN-13: 9783540528234 / Angielski / Miękka / 1991 / 132 str.

Peter H. M. F. Van Domburg; Hendrik J. Ten Donkelaar

Opis

This study on the human midbrain examines how specific neuroanatomical structures are involved in the aging process and in certain degenerative diseases of the nervous system.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 2 Materials and Techniques.- 2.1 Cytoarchitectonic Analysis.- 2.2 Quantitative Analysis.- 2.3 Immunohistochemical Procedures.- 2.4 Neuropathological Procedures.- 3 Comparative and Developmental Notes.- 3.1 The SN and VTA in Lower Tetrapods.- 3.2 The Mammalian SN and VTA.- 3.2.1 Cytoarchitecture.- 3.2.2 Cytology.- 3.2.3 Chemoarchitecture.- 3.2.4 Fiber Connections.- 3.2.4.1 Striomesencephalic Projections.- 3.2.4.2 Non-Striatal Afferents to the SN and VTA.- 3.2.4.3 Mesotelencephalic Projections.- 3.2.4.4 Nigrothalamic, Nigrotectal and Nigrotegmental Projections.- 3.2.5 A Summary of Nigral Organization.- 3.3 Development of the SN and VTA.- 4 The Human Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Cytological Features.- 4.3 Cytoarchitectonic Subdivision.- 4.3.1 Neuromelanin as a Marker for DAergic Neurons.- 4.3.2 Pigmentoarchitecture.- 4.3.3 Cytoarchitecture.- 4.4 Chemoarchitecture.- 4.5 Fiber Connections of the Primate SN Complex.- 4.5.1 Striatonigral Projections.- 4.5.2 Mesotelencephalic Projections.- 4.5.3 Nigrothalamic, Nigrotectal, and Nigrotegmental Projections.- 4.6 A Model of Human Nigral Organization.- 5 Neuropathological Aspects.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Involvement of the SN and VTA in Basal Ganglia Diseases.- 5.3 Involvement of the SN and VTA in AD.- 6 Quantitative Aspects.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Age-Related Neuronal Loss.- 6.3 Neuronal Loss in the SN and VTA in AD and PD.- 7 Functional and Pathophysiological Considerations.- 7.1 Lesion Studies on the SN.- 7.2 Some Functional and Pathophysiological Aspects of Mesencephalic DAergic Projections.- 7.2.1 Mesolimbocortical Circuitry and Cognition.- 7.2.2 Motor and Complex Cortico-Subcortical Loops.- 7.2.3 Imaging Studies.- 7.3 The Involvement of the SN and VTA in AD and PD.- 8 Summary.- Acknowledgements.- References.