The Fundamentals of Paleohydrogeology of Ore Deposits

ISBN-13: 9783642716737 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 253 str.

Evgeny A. Baskov; R. N. Popel; T. I. Vasilieva

Opis

This book deals with the problems and methods of paleohydrogeolo gy in relation to ore deposit studies. It presents a description of dif ferent techniques used in the course of structural-paleohydrogeologi cal, paleo hydrogeochemical and paleo hydro geothermal investiga tions. It also provides itlformation on the regular, regional patterns of formation and subsequent distribution of ground water within dif ferent shells of the Earth. The main aspects of metal content of ground water and contemporary processes of ore genesis are discuss ed. Ore deposits are classified according to paleohydrogeological con ditions under which they were formed. The readers are acquainted with paleohydrogeological analysis of these conditions for different types of ore deposits, namely (1) ore deposits formed in artesian basins, in which sedimentary rocks were predominant both at the time of magmatic activity and in the periods free of this activity; (2) ore deposits formed in artesian, ad artesian basins (and admassifs) characterized by extensive development of volcanic rocks and magmatic activity; (3) ore deposits that originated in hydrogeological massifs (and admassifs) in the process of formation of linear weather ing crusts. This book, which should be of great interest to geologists engaged in prospecting for and exploration and study of ore minerals, also in cludes 38 tables, 60 illustrations and a bibliography of 450 titles. EVGENY A. BASKOV Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 The Science of Paleohydrogeology and Its Objectives in Ore Deposit Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 Principal Distribution Patterns of Contemporary Ground Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2. 1 Notion of Hydrosphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ."

Spis treści

1 The Science of Paleohydrogeology and Its Objectives in Ore Deposit Studies.- 2 Principal Distribution Patterns of Contemporary Ground Water.- 2.1 Notion of Hydrosphere.- 2.2 Regional Patterns of Ground-Water Distribution and Formation.- 2.2.1 Crustal Ground Water.- 2.2.1.1 Ground Water of the Continental Crust.- 2.2.1.2 Ground Water of the Oceanic Crust.- 2.2.2 Ground Waters and Gases (Fluids) of the Mantle.- 2.3 Metal Content of Ground Waters and Contemporary Ore Genesis.- 2.4 Conditions Under Which Main Groups of Ground Waters Were Formed.- 3 Methodology of Paleohydrogeological Studies.- 3.1 Structural Paleohydrogeological Studies.- 3.1.1 Structural Paleohydrogeological Stages.- 3.1.2 Structural Paleohydrogeological Demarcation.- 3.2 Paleohydrogeodynamic Studies.- 3.2.1 Reservoir Properties of Rocks.- 3.2.2 Hydrogeodynamic Zonation.- 3.2.3 Ground-Water Potential of Rocks.- 3.2.4 Ground-Water Discharge Regions.- 3.2.5 Conditions of Ground-Water Movement in Artesian Paleobasins.- 3.2.6 Regional Hydrogeodynamic Characteristics of Fold Areas.- 3.2.7 Hydrogeodynamic Conditions of Individual Ore Deposits.- 3.3 Paleohydrogeochemical Studies.- 3.3.1 Formation Criteria.- 3.3.2 Paleogeographic Criteria.- 3.3.3 Epigenetic Criteria.- 3.3.3.1 Diagenetic and Katagenetic Alterations of Sedimentary Rock Formations.- 3.3.3.2 Hypergenetic Alterations of Rocks.- 3.3.3.3 Hydrothermal Alterations of Rocks.- 3.4 Paleohydrogeothermal Studies.- 3.4.1 Major Techniques of Temperature Reconstruction.- 3.4.2 Regional Paleohydrogeothermal Analysis in Artesian Structures.- 3.4.3 Paleohydrogeothermal Studies Within the Limits of Individual Deposits.- 4 Paleohydrogeological Conditions of Ore Deposits Formation.- 4.1 Ore Deposits Formed in Artesian Basins.- 4.1.1 Ore Deposits Not Associated with Magmatic Activity.- 4.1.1.1 Ore Deposits Formed in a Diagenetic Zone.- 4.1.1.2 Ore Deposits Formed in a Katagenetic Zone.- 4.1.2 Ore Deposits Associated with Magmatic Activity.- 4.1.2.1 Ore Deposits Formed in a Diagenetic Zone.- 4.1.2.2 Ore Deposits Formed in a Katagenetic Zone.- 4.2 Ore Deposits Formed in Artesian, Adartesian Basins (and Admassifs).- 4.3 Ore Deposits Formed in Linear Weathering Crusts.- Conclusion.- References.