The Functional Morphology of the Human Endometrium and Decidua

ISBN-13: 9783540545194 / Angielski / Miękka / 1992 / 99 str.

Udo M. Spornitz

Opis

The functional morphology of the human endometrium is studied with the help of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Manual and computer aided reconstruction are also employed. The reconstructed model of the nuclear channel system is shown to differ from models proposed by others.

Spis treści

1 Introduction.- 1.1 Historical Perspective.- 1.2 Hormone Action on the Endometrium.- 1.3 Ultrastructural Features of the Endometrium.- 1.3.1 Proliferative Phase.- 1.3.1.1 General Aspects.- 1.3.1.2 Glandular Epithelium.- 1.3.1.3 Stroma.- 1.3.2 Secretory Phase.- 1.3.2.1 Glandular Epithelium.- 1.3.2.1.1 General Aspects.- 1.3.2.1.2 Nucleolar Channel System.- 1.3.2.1.3 Giant Mitochondria.- 1.3.2.1.4 Glycogen.- 1.3.2.2 Stroma.- 1.3.2.2.1 Predecidual Cells.- 1.3.2.2.2 Endometrial Granulocytes (K Cells).- 1.4 The Action of IUDs on the Endometrium.- 1.4.1 General Considerations.- 1.4.2 Mode of Action.- 1.5 Decidua.- 1.5.1 Historical Perspective.- 1.5.2 Ultrastructural Features of the Decidua.- 1.6 Ectopic Endometrium and Ectopic Decidua.- 1.6.1 Ectopic Decidualized Tissue.- 1.6.2 Ectopic Endometrium.- 1.7 Basis for This.- 2 Material and Methods.- 2.1 Material.- 2.2 Light Microscopy.- 2.3 Transmission Electron Microscopy.- 2.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy.- 2.5 Three-Dimensional Reconstruction.- 2.6 Histochemistry.- 2.7 Morphometry.- 3 Results.- 3.1 Physiological Postovulatory Endometrium: Glandular Epithelium.- 3.1.1 The Nucleolar Channel System.- 3.1.1.1 Problems with Three-Dimensional Reconstruction.- 3.1.1.2 The Reconstructed NCS.- 3.1.1.3 The NCS on Sections.- 3.1.1.3.1 Formation of the NCS.- 3.1.1.3.2 The Mature NCS.- 3.1.1.3.3 Ultimate Fate of the NCS.- 3.1.2 Giant Mitochondria.- 3.1.2.1 Problems of Reconstruction.- 3.1.2.2 Three-Dimensional Structure.- 3.1.2.3 General Morphology.- 3.1.2.4 Ultimate Fate.- 3.1.3 Glycogen in Glandular Epithelial Cells.- 3.1.3.1 Initial Stage of Glycogen Formation: Polysomes.- 3.1.3.2 Glycogen Discharge.- 3.2 Physiological Postovulatory Endometrium: Stromal Elements.- 3.2.1 Endometrial Granulocytes (K Cells).- 3.2.1.1 General Characteristics.- 3.2.1.2 Subcellular Organization.- 3.2.1.2.1 The Nucleus.- 3.2.1.2.2 Glycogen.- 3.2.1.2.3 ER, Golgi, Mitochondria.- 3.2.1.2.4 Secretory Granules.- 3.2.2 Origin of K Cells.- 3.2.3 K Cells Under a Progesterone IUD.- 3.2.4 K Cells During Pregnancy.- 3.2.5 Ultimate Fate of K Cells.- 3.3 The Endometrium Under a Progesterone-Releasing IUD.- 3.3.1 General Aspects.- 3.3.2 Usage up to 3 Months: Stroma in Direct Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.3 Usage up to 3 Months: Stroma not in Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.4 Usage up to 12 Months: Stroma in Direct Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.5 Usage up to 12 Months: Stroma not in Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.6 Usage for over 1 Year.- 3.3.7 Glandular and Surface Epithelium.- 3.4 The Endometrium Under a Copper IUD.- 3.4.1 The Surface Epithelium (SEM).- 3.4.2 The Stroma and the Glandular Epithelium (TEM).- 3.4.3 The Decidua Under a Copper IUD.- 3.5 The Decidua of Pregnancy.- 3.5.1 General Aspects.- 3.5.2 Decidua Basalis.- 3.5.3 Decidua Parietalis.- 3.5.4 Decidua Capsularis.- 3.6 Morphometry of Decidual Cells.- 3.6.1 Decidua of Pregnancy.- 3.6.2 Progesterone IUD-Induced Decidua.- 3.7 Decidua of Ectopic Pregnancy.- 3.8 Secretory Granules of Decidual Cells.- 3.9 BL of Decidual Cells.- 4 Discussion.- 4.1 The Nucleolar Channel System.- 4.2 Giant Mitochondria.- 4.3 Glycogen in Glandular Epithelial Cells.- 4.4 Decidualization.- 4.5 Endometrial Granulocytes (K Cells).- 4.6 Prolactin from Decidua.- 4.7 Desquamation.- 4.8 The Endometrium Under IUDs.- 4.9 Conclusions.- 5 Summary.- References.