The Ford Foundation at Work: Philanthropic Choices, Methods and Styles

ISBN-13: 9781461329213 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 208 str.

Richard Magat

Opis

This report originated in a request to me from the Board of Trustees of the Ford Foundation in the summer of 1975. The trustees, aware that there would be a change of leadership at the Foundation be fore 1980, wanted to make a running start in the process of plan ning for the future. Their first step was to make a study of the great national and international needs that might lie ahead in the next decade and a half, and where and how the Foundation might ad dress them. They sought advice both within the Foundation and outside it, and they engaged in long discussions of their own. Although the exercise was directed toward planning for the future, the trustees also wished to review our past, not exhaus tively but at least well enough to have a clear sense of what the Foundation had been up to in the quarter century of its existence as a national and international institution. In this connection, the chairman of our board, Alexander Heard, asked for /I a canvass of the Ford Foundation's experiences, successes, and failures during the last twenty-five years . . . focused] on the broad objectives sought, the means pursued to achieve them, and the results."

Spis treści

Reviewing the Record.- Objectives.- Strategies and Modes of Operation.- Results.- Processes of Philanthropic Management.- Choosing Objectives.- The Influence of Individuals.- Events.- Changing Resources.- Evolution.- Planning and Evaluation.- Planning.- Evaluation.- Instruments.- Strategies.- Building and Improving Institutions.- New or Existing Institutions?.- Dependency.- Reinforcement Reform, Redirection.- Established and Nonestablished Institutions.- Generating Knowledge for Understanding and Action.- The Rationale for Research and Fact-Finding.- Characteristics of Research Support.- Issues in Research Support.- Developing Individual Talents.- The Multiplier Effect.- An Independent Contribution to Public Policy.- Public-Policy Issues.- Public-Policy Processes.- Case Studies.- Case 1. Reproductive Biology: Leadership/Partnership.- Case 2. Universities: New Agendas.- Graduate Education.- Urban Research and Training.- Public-Policy Programs.- International Studies.- Business Education.- Case 3. Legal Defense for the Poor: A Running Start.- Case 4. Arms Control: The Continuing Urgency.- Case 5. Instructional Television: Massive Oversell.- Case 6. Gray Areas/Community Development Corporations: Philanthropy as Social Reform.- Program Origins.- Gray Areas.- Community Development Corporations.- Case 7. Federal Executive Training: The Higher Generalism.- Case 8. Resident Theaters/Ballet Companies: Financial Discipline.- Case 9. American Studies in Europe: A Changing Cultural Climate.- Case 10. Cooperative Education: Expanding a Concept.- Case 11. Housing: Concreteness and Abstraction.- Housing Inventory.- Open Housing.- Case 12. School Finance Reform: Latecomers.- Case 13. European Management Education: Transplanting Experience.- Case 14. International Language Programs: Reflections of Development Views.- Case 15. Civil Rights Litigation: Wellspring of Judicial History.- Case 16. Social Science Development in Latin America: Self-Reliance for Progress.- A Selected Chronology of the Ford Foundation.- Fields of Foundation Activity.- 1. Higher Education (General).- 2. University-Based Programs.- International Training and Research.- Engineering Education.- Humanistic Scholarship.- Business Education.- 1. Early Learning and Secondary Education.- 2. Public Television.- 3. The Arts.- 4. Government Performance.- 5. Law and the Administration of Justice.- 6. Poverty and the Disadvantaged.- 7. Civil Rights, Civil Liberties, Race Relations.- 8. Women’s Programs.- 9. Resources and the Environment.- 10. Economic and Social Research in the United States and Europe.- 11. International Affairs.- 12. The Less-Developed Countries.- 13. Limited Programs.- Journalism.- Aging.- Science.- Hospitals and Medical Education.- Michigan Philanthropies.- Drug Abuse.- Philanthropy.- Annual Program Expenditures.- Expenditures by Field.