The Fiscal-Military State in Eighteenth-Century Europe: Essays in Honour of P.G.M. Dickson

ISBN-13: 9780754658146 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 260 str.

Storrs, Christopher

Opis

In recent decades, historians of early-modern Europe, and above all those who study the eighteenth century, have elaborated the concept of what has been called the 'fiscal-military state'. This is a state whose international effectiveness was founded upon the development of large armed forces, whose performance and supply necessitated both further administrative development and the provision of large sums, the raising of which involved unprecedented levels of taxation and borrowing by governments. The present collection of essays, by leading authorities in their individual fields, all of whom have published widely on their chosen topic, explores the subject of the fiscal-military state by focusing on its leading exemplars in eighteenth century Europe: Austria, Britain, France, Prussia and Russia.It also includes a chapter on the Savoyard state (the kingdom of Sardinia), a lesser power whose career illuminates by comparison developments elsewhere. In addition, and rather unusually, a further chapter considers the fiscal-military state in a broader, comparative international context, in the arena of international relations. Each chapter provides a summary of the state of knowledge regarding the fiscal-military state debate insofar as it relates to the state under consideration. As well as contributing to that debate, they take matters further by systematically analysing the sources of wealth and income, and the way these were tapped, and the broader impact that this attempt to extract resources had on society and the state, both in the short and longer-term. The differing patterns, and the variety of models of fiscal-military state makes for ease of comparison across Europe, making the volume an invaluable resource to both students and researchers alike.

Recenzje

’This is an important collection. The essays will stand alone as significant contributions to their field while also providing the basis for the comparative history of fiscal-military change.’ Economic History Review 'This collection in honour of P.G.M. Dickson makes a remarkably coherent and very welcome book... the many excellent essays in this collection offer a wonderful variety of new research on the fiscal demands on states at war; they also suggest the continuing need to integrate non-fiscal devices into discussions of the larger calculus of paying for war.' European History Quarterly 'The editor deserves praise for a coherent volume that represents a high-level contribution mostly to the debate on the reforming states in the later eighteenth century.' Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung

Spis treści

Introduction 1I should like to thank my colleague at the University of Dundee, Dr Martine van Ittersum, and Professor Hamish Scott, for commenting on an earlier version of this essay. Any errors remain my responsibility., Christopher Storrs; Chapter 1 The Fiscal-Military State and International Rivalry during the Long Eighteenth Century, Hamish Scott; Chapter 2 1Parts of this chapter were presented to seminars at the universities of Sunderland, St Andrews, Oxford, Cambridge and Aberdeen, as well as at the Institute for Historical Research in London., Michael Hochedlinger; Chapter 3 Prussia as a Fiscal-Military State, 1640–1806, Peter H. Wilson; Chapter 4 Russia as a Fiscal-Military State, 1689–1825, Janet Hartley; Chapter 5 The French Experience, 1661–1815, Joël Félix, Frank Tallett; Chapter 6 The Triumph and Denouement of the British Fiscal State: Taxation for the Wars against Revolutionary and Napoleonic France, 1793–1815, Patrick Karl O’Brien; Chapter 7 1I should like to thank Professor H.M. Scott and Dr Derek McKay for commenting on an earlier draft of this paper. I, of course, remain responsible for any outstanding errors., Christopher Storrs;

O autorze

Christopher Storrs is Reader in the Department of History at the University of Dundee, UK.