The Electroencephalogram in Anesthesia: Fundamentals, Practical Applications, Examples

ISBN-13: 9783642695643 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 214 str.

I. Pichlmayr; U. Lips; H. K. Nkel

Opis

Neurological, neurovegetative, and psychic changes following surgery or in tensive care indicate alterations in cerebral function. When these changes are analyzed exactly, they are found to be by no means rare; at the same time, they present a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. While optimal circulatory monitoring - including continuous EEG recording during anes thesia or intensive care - is today regarded as routine, the problem of objec tive and continuous monitoring of cerebral function under various forms of anesthesia, surgery, and intensive care has not been solved. Considerable improvements in clinical neurophysiology, mainly through visual and spectral analytic evaluations of the EEG, show func tional neurophysiological changes to be equivalent to, or the cause of, clinical, neurological, and psychic changes. The question of current interest, therefore, is whether anesthesiological EEG monitoring is able, both theo retically and practically, to detect and adequately interpret cerebral altera tions following perioperative measures such that these alterations can be treated or avoided accordingly. In the long run, the basic questions are to what extent can anesthesiological measures be guided by the EEG pattern and managed effectively, and can EEG analysis be significant both for the individual patient and in the general interpretation of the effect of anes thesiological procedures? Questions of the relevance and practicability of anesthesiological EEG monitoring are dealt with in this book. This study is based on an analysis of more than 1500 EEGs of patients who underwent anesthesia during surgery."

Spis treści

A. Introduction to Electroencephalography in Anesthesiology.- I. Development and Application of Electroencephalography.- II. Fundamentals of Electroencephalographic Analysis.- III. Technical Requirements for Electroencephalography in the Operating Area.- IV. Initial Electroencephalographic Findings in Patients Undergoing Anesthesia.- B. Electroencephalographic Patterns Induced by Various Anesthetics and Perioperative Influences.- I. Premedication.- II. Stages of Anesthesia.- III. Inhalation Anesthetics.- IV. Intravenous Anesthetics.- V. Muscle Relaxants.- VI. Analgetics in the Postoperative Phase.- VII. Anesthesiological and Operative Procedures with Potential Cerebral Effects.- VIII. Perioperative Disturbances with Cerebral Effects.- IX. Special Considerations in Old Patients.- X. Special Considerations in Patients with Seizure Disorders.- C. Electroencephalography as a Method of Anesthesiological Monitoring.- I. Electroencephalographic Monitoring During Anesthesia.- II. Electroencephalographic Monitoring During the Immediate Postoperative Phase.- III. Electroencephalographic Monitoring in Intensive Care.- Final Remarks.