The Dogmatic Principles of Soviet Philosophy [As of 1958]: Synopsis of the 'Osnovy Marksistskoj Filosofii' with Complete Index

ISBN-13: 9789401036283 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 90 str.

J. M. Bochenski

Opis

The present volume of "Sovietica" offers a short synopsis of the newest version of Soviet philosophic dogma. It is a presentation of the content of the Osnovy marksistskoj filosofii which was authorized for publi- cation Aug. 7, 1958, and appeared before the end of October of that year in a printing of 250 000 copies. The book was published by the Institute of Philosophy of the Academy of Sciences of the Su. The responsible editors were P. Pavelkin and G. Kurbatova and the text was prepared by eleven eminent Soviet philosophers (Y. F. Berestnev, M. A. Dynnik, P. N. Fedoseev, Ju. P. Francev, G. E. Glezerman, M. D. Kammari, F. V. Konstantinov, P. V. Kopnin, I. V. Kuznecov, M. M. Rozental', A. F. Siskin) under the direction of Konstantinov. As stated in the preface (p. 5) of the book, it was read in manuscript form by numerous scholars and professors of philosophy and then thoroughly discussed in three separate sessions (in the Academy of Sciences, and the Universities of Leningrad and Moscow). This work presents a reliable account of Soviet dogma as of 1958, i.e.

Spis treści

§ 1 The Object of Philosophy.- 1.1 The Basic Problem of Philosophy. Materialism and Idealism as the Main Currents of Philosophy.- 1.2 The Object of Marxist Philosophy. The Relationship of Philosophy to the Other Sciences.- 1.3 Diahistomat as the Conceptual Weapon of the Revolutionary Proletariat.- § 2 The Conflict between Materialism and Idealism in the History of Pre-Marxist Philosophy).- § 3 The Birth and Development of Marxist Philosophy).- I. Dialectical Materialism.- § 4 Matter and its Existential Forms.- 4.1 Matter.- 4.2 The Movement of Matter.- 4.3 Space and Time.- 4.4 The Unity of the World.- § 5 Matter and Consciousness.- 5.1 Consciousness as an Attribute of Highly Organized Matter.- 5.2 Consciousness as Reflection of the External World.- 5.3 Critique of the “Theory of Symbols”. Objective Truth.- 5.4 Language and Thinking.- § 6 The Regular Connection of the Phenomena of Reality.- 6.1 Connection of Phenomena. Cause and Effect.- 6.2 Law as the Form of Connection of Phenomena The Individual, Particular and Universal.- 6.3 Necessity and Contingency.- 6.4 Possibility and Reality.- § 7 The Basic Laws of the Dialectic. The Law of the Transition of Quantitative Changes into Qualitative.- 7.1 The Dialectical Theory of Development.- 7.2 Quantitative and Qualitative Changes; the transition of One into the Other.- 7.3 Unity of the Evolutionary and Revolutionary Forms of Development. The Leaps.- 7.4 On the Diverse Forms of the Transition from the Old to the New Quality.- § 8 The Law of the Unity and Conflict of Contraries.- 8.1 Objects and Phenomena as Unities of Contraries. The Conflict of Contraries as Source of Development.- 8.2 Internal and External Contradictions.- 8.3 Specific Properties of Various Contradictions.- 8.4 Content and Form. Root and Resolution of Their Contradictions.- § 9 The Law of the Negation of Negation.- 9.1 Essence and Role of the Dialectical Negation in the Process of Development.- 9.2 The Progressive character of Development and its Forms.- § 10 The Dialectic of the Process of Knowledge.- 10.1 The Dialectic as Theory of Knowledge. Dialectical and Formal Logic.- 10.2 Correlation of the Sensible and the Rational in Knowledge. Essence and Appearance.- 10.3 The Dialectic of the Abstract and Concrete, of the Logical and Historical.- 10.4 The Forms of Thought and Their Role in Knowledge.- 10.5 Practice as the Basis of Knowledge and the Criterion of Truth.- 10.6 The Dialectic of Absolute and Relative Truth.- II. Historical Materialism.- § 11 Historical Materialism as the Science of the Developmental Laws of Society.- 11.1 The Object of Histomat.- 11.2 The Origin of Histomat as a Revolution in the Social Sciences.- 11.3 Character of the Regularities of Social Life and of the Development of Society.- 11.4 Historical Regularity and the Consciousness of Men. Freedom and Necessity.- 11.5 The Party-Mindedness of Histomat.- § 12 Material Production: The Basis of Social Life.- 12.1 The Role of Work in the Coming To Be and in the Life of Society.- 12.2 Geographical Milieu and the Development of Society.- 12.3 The Significance of Population Growth in the Development of Society.- 12.4 Means of the Production of Material Goods. Forces of Production and Relations of Production.- 12.5 The Determining Role of the Means of Production in the Changes of Form of Social Life.- § 13 The Dialectic of the Forces of Production and the Relations of Production.- 13.1 Dependency of the Relations of Production on the Character of the Forces of Production.- 13.2 The Reaction of the Relations of Production on the Development of the Forces of Production.- 13.3 The Development of the Contradictions Between the Forces of Production and the Relations of Production Under Capitalism.- 13.4 The Reciprocal Relationship of the Forces of Production and the Relations of Production Under Socialism.- § 14 The Base and the Superstructure of Society.- 14.1 Meaning of Base and Superstructure. The Determining Role of the Base in Reference to the Superstructure.- 14.2 Upheaval in the Base and in the Superstructure of Society.- 14.3 The Active Role of the Superstructure.- § 15 Classes, Class Conflict, State.- 15.1 The Definition of Classes.- 15.2 The Origin of Classes. The Class Structure of Society and its Dependence on the Mode of Production.- 15.3 Class Interest and Class Conflict. Classes and Parties.- 15.4 The State as Product of the Incompatibility of Classes and as Organ of Class Domination.- 15.5 Forms of Class War and the Class Organization of the Proletariat.- 15.6 The Role of the Marxist Party in the Class Conflict of the Proletariat.- 15.7 The Necessity of the Disappearance of Classes. The Universally Historical Mission of the Proletariat.- § 16 The Social Revolution as Law-Bound Change of Socio-Economic Formations.- 16.1 Social Revolutions. Their Causes and Their Significance in the History of Society.- 16.2 The Difference Between the Socialist Revolution and Other Revolutions. The Socialist Revolution and the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.- 16.3 Conditions of the Socialist Revolution in the Period of Imperialism.- 16.4 Relations Between the Democratic and Socialist Changes During the Period of Imperialism and the Proletarian Revolutions.- 16.5 The Relationship of the Armed Fight and the Peaceful Form of Battle for Power. The Multiformity of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.- 16.6 The Transition Period from Capitalism to Socialism.- 16.7 Class and State Under Socialism.- 16.8 The Communist Party as Directing Force in the System of the Dictatorship of the Working Class.- 16.9 The Coexistence of Socialism and Capitalism and the Inevitability of the Victory of Socialism in all Lands.- § 17 Social Consciousness and its Role in the Life of Society.- 17.1 Social Consciousness as Reflection of Social Being. The Class Character of Ideology.- 17.2 Forms of Social Consciousness.- 17.3 Social Psychology and Ideology. Social and Individual Consciousness.- 17.4 The Relative Autonomy of the Development of Social Ideas.- 17.5 The Role of Ideas in Social Development.- 17.6 The Role of Socialist Ideology in the Battle for the Victory of Communism.- § 18 The Role of the Popular Masses and of Individuals in History.- 18.1 The Popular Masses as the Decisive Force in the Development of Society and as Creator of History.- 18.2 Role of the Individual in History.- 18.3 The Role of the Leaders of the Working Class in the Revolutionary Movement.- § 19 The Main Tendencies of Contemporary Bourgeois Philosophy and Sociology).