The Crustacean Nervous System

ISBN-13: 9783642086182 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 623 str.

Konrad Wiese

Opis

Crustacean preparations have been successfully used for more than 50 years to investigate the principles which enable nerve cells and neural circuitry to perform in a wide variety of functions. The proud record of information of general significance obtained from crayfish and lobster nervous systems testifies that the use of an experimental system precisely matching theoretical and experimental requirements ofa measurement is an essential part of the success. In some respects, the secondarily diversified vertebrate and mammalian nervous systems pose severe obstacles to experimentation and measurement, whereas the crustacean nervous system recommends itself by being composed of individual neurons of unique morphology and physiology, which can be used repeatedly in several preparations. Moreover, a restricted number of invariantly displayed behaviors enable the experimenter to correlate neuron activity with parts of the behavior easier. Experts use these advantages to focus on a well-defined neuron and mechanism and to take a convincing measurement within a minimum amount oftime. In this book distinguished neurobiologists, the leading experts in the field, have joined efforts to present research using crustacean experimental systems. Thus they have contributed comprehensive information regarding a nervous system other than that ofvertebrates and mammalians, that ofcrustaceans. The accumulated knowledge on the crustacean nervous system shows that it is clearly divergent in evolution but functions in a similar way to neuronal circuitry found in the vertebrate system and can be used to interpret it.

Spis treści

Peptidergic Modulation of Identified Function.- Antagonistic Modulation of Neuromuscular Parameters in Crustaceans by the Peptides Proctolin and Allatostatin, Contained in Identified Motor Neurons.- Convergence and Divergence of Cotransmitter Systems in the Crab Stomatogastric Nervous System.- Peptidergic Release Sites Involved in Modulation of the Stomatogastric Nervous System.- Intracellular Signals that Mediate Synaptic Modulation by a FMRFamide-Like Neuropeptide in Crayfish.- Influence of Neuromodulators and Vesicle Docking Related Proteins on Quantal Release.- Hormonal Control.- The Crustacean Neuropeptides of the CHH/MIH/GIH Family: Structures and Biological Activities.- Crustacean Chromatophore: Endocrine Regulation and Intracellular Signalling Systems.- Distributed Circadian Rhythmicity in the Crustacean Nervous System.- Aminergic Modulation of Behavior.- Neural Mechanisms of Dominance Hierarchies in Crayfish.- Aminergic Systems in the Squat Lobster Mundia quadrispina (Anomura, Galatheidae): a Case Made for Comparative Neurobiology.- Amine Effects on Aggression in the Giant Tropical Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii.- Synaptic Connectivity of Amine-Containing Neurosecretory Cells of Lobsters: Inputs to 5HT- and OCT- Containing Neurons.- Intrinsic Properties of Amine-Containing Neurosecretory Cells of Lobsters: Spontaneous Activity and Autoinhibition.- Quantitative Behavioral Techniques for the Study of Crustacean Aggression.- Aminergic Modulation at the Cellular and Molecular Level.- Multiple Effects of Dopamine on an Identified Motor Neuron Analyzed by Electrophysiological and Optical Imaging Techniques.- A-Current Diversity: Differences in Channel Hardware or Second Messengers?.- Molecular Biology of Crustacea: Unique Opportunities in the Crustacean Nervous System.- Aminergic Modulation of Sensory-Motor Integration in the Walking System of the Crayfish.- Synaptic Mechanisms.- Determinants of Synaptic Strength and Stability at Crustacean Neuromuscular Junctions.- Activity-Dependent Development and Plasticity of Crustacean Motor Terminals.- Crustacean Neuromuscular Glutamatergic and GABAergic Channels with Some Comparison to Drosophila Channels.- Correlation of the Synaptic and Mechanical Properties of Two Slow Fibre Phenotypes in a Crustacean Muscle.- Nitric Oxide and Cyclic GMP Modulate Synaptic Transmission in the Local Circuits of the Crayfish.- Learning and Memory.- Crustaceans as Models to Investigate Memory Illustrated by Extensive Behavioral and Physiological Studies in Chasmagnathus.- Visual Learning in Crabs Investigated by Intracellular Recordings in Vivo.- Olfaction.- A Compound Nose: Functional Organization and Development of Aesthetasc Sensilla.- Molecular Physiology of G-Proteins in Olfactory Transduction and CNS Neurotransmission in the Lobster.- Properties and Functional Role of a Sodium-Activated Nonselective Cation Channel in Lobster Olfactory Receptor Neurons.- Development and Growth Patterns of Olfactory Sensilla in Malacostracan Crustaceans.- Olfactory Centers in the Brain of Freshwater Crayfish.- Development.- Cell Lineage of Crustacean Neuroblasts.- From Stem Cell to Structure: Neurogenesis in the CNS of Decapod Crustaceans.- Adult Neurogenesis in the Central Olfactory Pathway of Decapod Crustaceans.- Role of Modulatory Inputs in the Ontogeny of Neural Networks.- Visual Systems.- The Detection and Analysis of Optic Flow by Crabs: from Eye Movements to Electrophysiology.- Signal Processing in the Crayfish Optic Lobe: Contrast, Motion and Polarization Vision.- Spectral Sensitivity in Crustacean Eyes.- Evolution of Optical Design in the Malacostraca (Crustacea).- Sensory Integration.- Ventilatory Activity in Free-Moving Crayfish Is Indicative of Its Functional State and Perception of External Stimuli.- Sound Production in Crustacea with Special Reference to the Alpheidae.- Sound Perception in Aquatic Crustaceans.- Neural Networks Controlling Vegetative Rhythms.- Connections of the Head to Networks of the Stomatogastric System in Crayfish.- Performance of Neural Networks Controlling Vegetative Rhythms.- Sensory Feedback in the Operating Stomatogastric Nervous System of the Crab (Cancer pagurus).- Circuitry Analysis.- Motor Pattern Switching by an Identified Sensory Neuron in the Lobster Stomatogastric System.- Synaptic Organization of Local Circuit Neurons in the Terminal Abdominal Ganglion of the Crayfish.- Proprioception in the Tailfan of the Crayfish.- Active Shaping of Proprioceptive Message in Crayfish.

Blurb

This unique selection of reviews summarizes current knowledge in all major fields of crustacean neurobiology and all levels of their CNS organization, using lobster and crayfish. It not only imparts theoretical knowledge but also describes all available contemporary and advanced techniques, such as patch clamp recordings, microelectrode techniques, immunocytochemistry and all methods of molecular genetics to identify cellular pathways of protein synthesis and peptidergic control. In summary, it is a comprehensive account of the research achievements in one of the major nervous systems besides the mammalian CNS.