The Contribution of Cognitive Psychology to the Study of Individual Cognitive Differences and Intelligence: A Special Issue of the European Journal of

ISBN-13: 9781841698021 / Angielski / Twarda / 2006 / 160 str.

Cesare Cornoldi;Cesare Cornoldi

Opis

What is intelligence? How can we examine individual differences in intelligence? What does it mean to be very intelligent or dumb? Such questions have always pervaded human thinking, and have been raised during the development of scientific psychology. However, for many years, the practical needs of having reliable measures of intelligence have prevailed and the field has suffered the limitations of the psychometric approach. Recently, cognitive neuroscience, and in particular cognitive psychology, have proposed new models and data which have revived thinking in this area. This Special Issue offers examples of how the field of cognitive psychology can contribute not only to the refinement of theoretical thinking but also to the development of new tools for the study of human intelligence. The contributors to the issue are prominent researchers in working memory, speed of processing, executive functions, language, and intellectual development/decline and show how their lines of research may contribute key concepts and methods to the field. Different ideas and lines of research within cognitive psychology are presented, but, working memory, despite some contra-indications discussed throughout the issue, emerges from many chapters as the most important contender for the study of central aspects of intelligence.

Spis treści

C. Cornoldi, The Contribution of Cognitive Psychology to the Study of Human Intelligence. O. Wilhelm, K. Oberauer, Why are Reasoning Ability and Working Memory Capacity Related to Mental Speed? An Investigation of Stimulus–response Compatibility in Choice-reaction-time Tasks. E. Borella, B. Carretti, I.C. Mammarella, Do Working Memory and Susceptibility to Interference Predict Individual Differences in Fluid Intelligence? M. Marschark, Intellectual Functioning of Deaf Adults and Children: Answers and Questions. E.M. Elliott, K.M. Barrilleaux, N. Cowan, Individual Differences in the Ability to Avoid Distracting Sounds. A. de Ribaupierre, T. Lecerf, Relationships between Working Memory and Intelligence from a Developmental Perspective: Convergent Evidence froma Neo-Piagetian and Psychometric Approach.  S. Holmgren, B. Molander, L-G. Nilsson, Intelligence and Executive Functioning in Adult Age: Effects of Sibship Size and Birth Order.