The Brain's Alpha Rhythms and the Mind: A Review of Classical and Modern Studies of the Alpha Rhythm Component of the Electroencephalogram with Commen

ISBN-13: 9780444513977 / Angielski / Twarda / 2003 / 360 str.

J. C. Shaw; J. C. Shaw

Opis

To the author's knowledge this book is the first to review the whole field of the Alpha rhythm component of the electroencephalogram (EEG). It reviews the classical studies from the 1930s through the 1980s when EEG research became dominated by event-related potential studies. Renewed interest in the alpha rhythm developed in the 1990s when neuronal oscillations became a major focus of interest in the neurophysiology of brain function. Many of the later studies of alpha activity that resulted from this development are fully documented in the book.

Three main themes are presented throughout the book. First, the recognition of the ubiquitous nature of the alpha rhythm such that there are multiple sites of alpha rhythm generation in the brain, many only being detected by using appropriate signal analysis techniques. This has resulted in the recognition of 'alpha activities', in place of the classical unitary alpha rhythm. Second, the attempts to use a hemisphere function model to relate alpha activity response to mental activity and inter-individual variation are critically reviewed and shown to be equivocal. In particular the significance of independent alpha components within the alpha frequency band is described. Third, both classical and new ideas about the generation of the EEG, particularly alpha activity, are reviewed and some new concepts about its functional significance are presented.

There is currently extensive interest in the brain, particularly in relation to the concept of consciousness. Therefore, many chapters include introductory material relating to neuroscience, neuropsychology and psychophysiology. There is also a critique of the use of alpha activity in biofeedback, hypnosis and meditation. Because EEG research is very dependent on advances in the technology of EEG measurement, an introduction to this technology is included as an appendix. A second appendix describes the historical origin of the concept of desynchronisation.

Spis treści

Foreword (H. Petsche). Preface. Dedication. Acknowledgements. 1. An introduction to the alpha rhythm. 2. More on alpha rhythm characteristics. 3. Alpha in vision and imagery. 4. Alpha, mental activity, and lateralization of hemisphere function. 5. The hemisphere lateralization controversy. 6. Further studies of alpha rhythm correlates of mental activity. 7. Structural organisation of alpha rhythm. 8. Inter-individual differences. I. The classic studies. 9. Inter-individual differences. II. Robinson's and Newman's thalamo-cortical models. 10. EEG alpha and the Klimesch memory model. 11. Alpha activity and perceptual gating, the scanning hypothesis, and timing in the brain. 12. Magnetoencephalogram studies of alpha activity. 13. Alpha activity in biofeedback, meditation and hypnosis. 14. Mulholland's alpha feedback paradigm and 'behavioural stillness' model. 15. Petsche's studies of 'thinking'. 16. EEG generation I: particularly alpha activity. 17. EEG generation II: modern studies and models. 18. Alpha, intention, and consciousness 19. Epilogue. Appendix 1: An introduction to EEG technology. Appendix 2: A historical review of the term 'desynchronization'.