The Arid Frontier: Interactive Management of Environment and Development

ISBN-13: 9780792342274 / Angielski / Twarda / 1997 / 385 str.

Hendrick J. Bruins; Harvey Lithwick; Hendrik J. Bruins

Opis

The arid frontier has been a challenge for humanity from time immemorial. Drylands cover more than one-third of the global land surface, distributed over Africa, Asia, Australia, America and Southern Europe. Disasters may develop as a result of complex interactions between drought, desertification and society. Therefore, proactive planning and interactive management, including disaster-coping strategies, are essential in dealing with arid-frontier development.
This book presents a conceptual framework with case studies in dryland development and management. The option of a rational and ethical discourse for development that is beneficial for both the environment and society is emphasized, avoiding extreme environmentalism and human destructionism, combating both desertification and human livelihood insecurity. Such development has to be based on appropriate ethics, legislation, policy, proactive planning and interactive management. Excellent scholars address these issues, focusing on the principal interactions between people and dryland environments in terms of drought, food, land, water, renewable energy and housing.
Audience: This volume will be of great value to all those interested in Dryland Development and Management: professionals and policy-makers in governmental, international and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), as well as researchers, lecturers and students in Geography, Environmental Management, Regional Studies, Development Anthropology, Hazard and Disaster Management, Agriculture and Pastoralism, Land and Water Use, African Studies, and Renewable Energy Resources.

Spis treści

Part One: A Management Approach to Environment and Development. 1. Proactive Planning and Interactive Management in Arid Frontier Development; H.J. Bruins, H. Lithwick. Part Two: Environmental Policy, Planning and Management: National, Regional and Multinational Dimensions. 2. Drought Planning in the United States: Status and Future Directions; D.A. Wilhite, M.J. Hayes. 3. Interregional Environmental Policy in Australia's Murray-Darling Basin; J.M. Powell. 4. Environmental Law and Management in the Gulf of Aqaba; D. Sandler. Part Three: Desertification and Climatic Variability in Arid Environments. 5. Bioclimatic Aridity, Climatic Variability, Drought and Desertification: Definitions and Management Options; H.J. Bruins, P.R. Berliner. 6. Environmental Science and Desertification at the Arid Frontier; A. Warren. 7. Human-made Desertification in the Aral Sea Basin: Planning and Management Failures; M. Mainguet, R. Létolle. 8. Drought Risk Assessment for Dryland Agriculture in Semi-arid Telengana, Andhra Pradesh, India; T.J. Dietz, et al. Part Four: Drought, Food and Land Management in Africa. 9. Traditional Management of Drought and Famine in Kenya; J.J. Akong'a, J.N. Kareithi. 10. Land Tenure Frontiers and Food Security among Maasai Pastoralists in Kenya; M.M.E.M. Rutten. 11. Gestion de Terroir at the Frontier: Village Land Management of Peasants and Pastoralists in Benin; L. De Haan. 12. Wild Plants as Food Security in Namibia and Senegal; P. Van Damme. Part Five:Management of Water Resources. 13. Irrigation Development: Proactive Planning and Interactive Management; L. Shanan. 14. Drought and Water Management in California; M. Roos. 15. Cost-Benefit Analysis of Water Management Mega-Projects in India and China; H. El-Bihbety, H. Lithwick. Part Six: Renewable Energy for Development of Arid Lands. 16. Solar Energy in Arid Frontiers: Designing a Photovoltaic Power Plant for Kibbutz Samar, Israel; D. Faiman. 17. Rural Electrification with Renewable Energy: Geothermal Power in Arid Regions; T. Meidav. 18. The Fuelwood Crisis in Arid Zones: Runoff Agriculture for Renewable Energy Production; B. Sauerhaft, et al. 19. Lightweight Housing in Arid Zones: Thermal Conflict and Energy Use; D. Pearlmutter, I.A. Meir.