Tendon Transfers to Restore Opposition of the Thumb

ISBN-13: 9789020702200 / Angielski / Miękka / 1970 / 98 str.

J. M. Ramselaar

Opis

In man and some of the apes, the thumb has the function of a contra finger. This function is made possible by a great freedom of movement of the first metacarpal and a highly developed and differentiated thumb musculature. The grasp function of the hand is dependent on the oppositional capacity and adductive power of the thumb, and is severely limited by a paralysis or dysfunction of the intrinsic thumb muscles. Whereas loss of the function of the adductor pollicis can be partially compensated for by the adductive action of the extensor pollicis longus, in paralysis or dysfunction of the radial thenar muscles compensation can only be provided by surgery. Since 1918, many methods of tendon transfer have been described for the restoration of thumb opposition, all of which bring about an improvement of the grasp function, albeit to different degrees. These methods vary in the selection of the motor, the direction of pull of the tendon, the use of a fulcrum, and the mode of insertion. The highly effective method of Bunnell (1938) is often used as the standard procedure. With this method, the flexor superficialis tendon of the ring finger is looped around the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris and passed subcutaneously across the thenar eminence, after which it is fixed on the thumb at the level of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint."

Spis treści

I. Functional Anatomy of the Thumb.- Movements in the carpo-metacarpal joint.- Movements in the metacarpo-phalangeal joint.- Movements in the interphalangeal joint.- Function of the intrinsic muscles.- Function of the extrinsic muscles.- Nerve supply of the intrinsic muscles.- II. Functional Loss in Paralysis of Intrinsic Thumb Muscles.- Paralysis of radial thenar muscles.- Paralysis of ulnar thenar muscles.- Paralysis of radial and ulnar thenar muscles.- Prognosis of median and ulnar nerve lesions.- III. Reconstruction of the Opposition.- Indications.- Prerequisites.- Historical background.- Methods.- The insertion.- The pulley.- The motor.- Opposition by means of arthrodesis or tenodesis.- Supplementary corrections.- IV. Discussion of Selected Opposition Reconstructions.- Conclusions.- Summary.- Literature.