Telecommunications Engineering

ISBN-13: 9780748740444 / Angielski / Miękka / 1994 / 593 str.

J. Dunlop; D. G. Smith

Opis

Containing substantial new material on subjects such as integrated-services digital networks, mobile-communications systems and metropolitan-area networks, this third edition offers an introduction to the major telecommunications topics common to undergraduate and higher-diploma programmes in electrical, electronic and telecommunications engineering. Student problems (with answers) continue to feature in the book, and there are numerous references to more advanced reading.

Spis treści

SIGNALS AND CHANNELS
Introduction
The Frequency and Time Domains
Continuous Fourier Analysis
Odd and Even Functions
Waveform Synthesis
The Fourier Integral
Power and Energy Density Spectrum
Signal Transmission through Linear Systems
The Impulse Function
The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)
Time Domain Analysis
Correlation Functions
Information Content of Signals
Information Transmission
Conclusion
References
Problems
ANALOGUE MODULATION THEORY
Double Sideband Amplitude Modulation (DSB-AM)
Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier Amplitude Modulation (DSB-SC-AM)
Single Sideband Amplitude Modulation (SSB-AM)
Vestigial Sideband Amplitude Modulation (VSB-AM)
DSB-AM Modulators
DSB-SC-AM Modulators
SSB-AM Modulators
VSB-AM Modulators
DSB-AM Detection
DSB-SC-AM Detection
SSB-AM Detection
VSB-AM Detection
Economic Factors Affecting the Choice of AM Systems
Angle Modulation
Phase Modulation (PM)
Frequency Modulation
Frequency Modulators
Demodulation of a Frequency Modulated Wave
Frequency Division Multiplex (FDM) Transmission
Conclusion
References
Problems
DISCRETE SIGNALS
Sampling of Continuous Signals
Reconstruction of the Continuous Signal
Low-Pass Filtering of a Sampled Signal
Time Division Multiplex (TDM) Transmission
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)
Practical Compression Characteristics
NICAM
PCM Line Signals
Bandwidth Requirements for PCM Transmission
Synchronization Of PCM Links
Delta Modulation
Differential PCM
Data Communications
Spectral Properties of Data Signals
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
Phase Shift Keying (PSK)
Practical Data Systems
Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK)
Advanced Modulation Metbods
Conclusions
References
Problems
NOISE IN ANALOGUE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
Introduction
Physical Sources of Noise
Noise Properties of Networks
Algebraic Representation of Band-Limited Noise
SNR Characteristics of Envelope-detected DSB-AM
SNR Characteristics of Coherently Detected DSB-AM
SNR Characteristics of DSBSC-AM
SNR Characteristics of SSB-AM
SNR Characteristics of FM
Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis
The FM Capture (Threshold) Effect
Conclusion
References
Problems
NOISE IN DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
The Amplitude Distribution Function of White Noise
Statistical Decision Theory
Decision Errors in PCM
Decision Errors in Carrier-Modulated Data Signals
Matched Filtering and Correlation Detection
Error Detection and Correction
The Cyclic Redundancy Check Mechanism
Convolutional Codes
Multiple Decisions
Conclusion
References
Problems
HIGH-FREQUENCY TRANSMISSION LINES
Voltage and Current Relationships on the Line
Line Parameters
Characteristic Impedance
Reflection from the Load
Reflection Coefficient P
Sending-end Impedance
Lines of Low Loss
Lossless Lines
Quarter-Wave Transformer
Stubs
Standing Waves
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
Impedance at a Voltage Minimum and at a Voltage Maximum
Load Impedance on a Lossless Line
Smith Transmission line Chart
Stub Matching
Single-stub Matching
Doublestub Matching
Derivation of the Smith Chart
Travelling Waves on a Lossless Line
Wave Equation for a Lossless Transmission Line
Conclusion
References
Problems
ANTENNAS
Radiation pattern (polar diagram)
Lobes
Beamwidth
Antenna Impedance and Bandwidth
Gain
Field Due to a Filament of Current
Induction Field
Radiation Field
Power Radiated from a Current Element
Radiation Pattern of a Short Dipole
Antenna Arrays
Two-element Array
Linear Arrays
Pattern Multiplication
Antenna Matching
Parasitic Elements
Microwave Antennas
Parabolic Reflector
Horn Antennas
Dielectric Lens
Microstrip Antennas
Radio wave Propagation
References
Appendix 7.1 Field Components Produced by a Short Current Element
Problems
ACTIVE MICROWAVE DEVICES
Klystron
Two-cavity Klystron
Reflex Klystron
Magnetron
Travelling-wave Tube (TWT)
Solid-state Devices
Gunn Diode
Impatt Diode
Field-effect Transistors
Conclusions
References
PASSIVE MICROWAVE DEVICES
Waveguides
Rectangular Waveguide
Interference of Two Plane Waves
Cut-off Wavelength
Phase Velocity
Group Velocity
Rectangular Waveguide Modes
Field Theory of Propagation Along a Rectangular Waveguide
Transverse Electric (TE) Modes
Transverse Magnetic (TM) Modes
Field Equations for the Fundamental TE10 Mode
Attenuation in Rectangular Waveguide
Evanescent Modes
Rectangular Mode Patterns
Circular Waveguides
Circular Waveguides (TE) Modes
Circular Mode Cut-Off Frequency
Attenuation in Circular Waveguide
Rectangular Cavity
Cavity Q - TE101 Mode
Circular Cavity
Rectangular Waveguide Components - TE10 Mode
Waveguide Coaxial Transformer
Attenuator
Directional Coupler
Tee Junctions
Wavemeter
Matched Load
Short Circuit
Isolator
Microstrip
References
Problems
TELEPHONY
Telephone Traffic
Inter-Arrival and Call Holding Times
Traffic Variation
Busy Hour
Lost-Calls-Cleared Systems
Equations of State
Statistical Equilibrium
State Probability
Full-availability Models
Erlang Distribution: S >> N 320
Time Congestion
Call Congestion
Bernoulli Distribution: S = N
Engset Distribution: S > N
Probability of Occupancy of Particular Devices
Link Systems
Probability of Blocking
Delay System
Simulation
Switching and Signalling
Types Of Signalling System
Voice-Frequency Signalling
Out-band Signalling
Switching Networks
Basic Analogue Switching Systems
Step-By-Step
Common Control
Multi-Frequency Signalling
The Telephone Network
Numbering Schemes
Routing Calls
Digital Systems
PCM Telephony
Digital Transmission Hierarchy
Common-Channel Signalling (CCS)
Digital Switching
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
ISDN Terminal Equipment Reference Model
Framing
Signalling Channel Protocols
ISDN Services
Broadband Communications
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Conclusion
References
Problems
TELEVISION SYSTEMS
Introduction
Measurement of Light and the Response of the Eye
The Monochrome Television Waveform
Bandwidth of a Television Waveform
Choice of Number of Lines
Synchronizing Pulses
The Television Receiver
Colorimetry
Requirements of a Colour Television System
The Pal Colour Television System
Transmission of the Chrominance Signals
The Transmitted Pal Signal
Gamma Correction
The NTSC Chrominance Signal
The Pal Receiver
The Secam System
Satellite Television
Image Capture And Display Systems
Teletext Transmission
Viewdata
Conclusions
References
Problems
OPTICAL FIBRE COMMUNICATIONS
Optical fibre
Stepped-index Fibre
Skew Rays
Modes
Graded-index Fibre
Loss Mechanisms
Absorption
Scatter
Radiation from Bends
Single-mode Fibre
Detectors
Pin Diode
APD Device
Speed of Response and Quantum Efficiency
Reliability
Noise
Optical Sources
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDS)
Lasers
Communications Systems
Conclusion
References
PACKET SWITCHED NETWORKS
Introduction
Wide Area Networks
The Poisson Distribution
Scheduled Access Techniques
Random Access Techniques
Local Area Networks
The Ethernet Local Area Network
The Token Bus
The Token Ring
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANS)
Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model
The X25 Communications Protocol
Conclusions
References
Problems
SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS
Introduction
Geostationary Orbits
Angle from Satellite to Earth Station
Satellite Links
Antennas
Error Coding
Interference and Noise
Multi-access
References
MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Introduction
The Cellular Concept
Typical Cell Operation
System Capacity
Frequency Re-use Distance
Determination of Cell Radius
Sectoring
Properties of the Radio Channel
Space Wave Propagation
Short-Term Fading (Fast Fading)
First Generation Analogue Systems (TACS)
TACS Radio Parameters
TACS Mobile Network Control
Call Management In TACS
Alternative Analogue Systems
Digital Cellular Radio
The GSM Radio Interface
Mapping of Logical Channels in GSM
GSM Modulation, Coding and Error Protection
Handover in GSM
GSM Handover Measurements
Features of the GSM System
Operation of the GSM System
Security in GSM
Cordless Communication Systems
CT2 Spectrum and Radio Interface Parameters
CT2 Channels and Multiplexing
CT2 Voice Coding
The Digital European Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) Standard
The DECT Physical Layer
DECT Medium Access Control
DECT Call Management and Dynamic Channel Selection
Handover in DECT
Conclusions
References
Problems
Appendix A: Four-figure Bessel Functions
Appendix B: Useful Trigonometric Identities
Appendix C: Normal Error Function
Appendix D: Blocked-calls-cleared (Erlang B)
Index

O autorze

John Dunlop