Taurine 6

ISBN-13: 9781441940797 / Angielski / Miękka / 2010 / 556 str.

Simo S. Oja; Pirjo Saransaari

Opis

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an enigmatic compound abounding in animal tissues. It is present at relatively high concentrations in all electrically excitable tissues such as the brain, sensory organs, the heart, and in certain endocrine glands. Some of its physiological functions are already established, for example as an essential nutrient during development and as a neuromodulator or osmolyte, but the cellular mechanisms are still mostly a matter of conjecture. Moreover, there are a number of other putative functions of taurine less well known at present. The 15th International Taurine Meeting is a multidisciplinary symposium and the participants present different fields of biological science. Based on the proceedings of this meeting, Taurine 6: Taurine Today presents the most recent research on Taurine in papers written by top scientists in the field.

Spis treści

Taurine Metabolism and Taurine Transporter.- Metabolism of Taurine in Microorganisms.- The Reactivity of Hypotaurine and Cysteine Sulfinic Acid with Peroxynitrite.- Cysteamine Dioxygenase: Evidence for the Physiological Conversion of Cysteamine to Hypotaurine in Rat and Mouse Tissues.- In Vivo Regulation of Cysteine Dioxygenase via the Ubiquitin-26S Proteasome System.- Osmosensitive Gene Expression of Taurine Transporter and Cyclin C in Embryonic Fibroblast Cells.- Is TauT an Anti-Apoptotic Gene?.- Gene Expressions of Taurine Transporter and Taurine Biosynthetic Enzyme during Mouse and Chicken Embryonic Development.- Mechanisms of Regulation of Taurine Transporter Activity.- TauT Gene Expression is Regulated by TonEBP and Plays a Role in Cell Survival.- Multiple PLA2 Isoforms Regulate Taurine Release in NIH3T3 Mouse Fibroblasts.- Properties of Volume-Activated Taurine Efflux from Human Breast Cancer Cells.- Metabolic Effects of Taurine.- Taurine-Induced Changes in Transcription Profiling of Metabolism-Related Genes in Human Hepatoma Cells HepG2.- The Important Role of Taurine in Oxidative Metabolism.- Characterization of Taurine as Inhibitor of Sodium Glucose Transporter.- Taurine Attenuates Pyridoxal-Induced Adrenomedullary Catecholamine Release and Glycogenolysis in the Rat.- Cytotoxicity of Taurine Metabolites Depends on the Cell Type.- Effects of Dietary Salt and Fat on Taurine Excretion in Healthy and Diseased Rats.- Plasma Taurine Reflects Sympathetic Tone.- Spontaneously High Plasma Taurine Concentration Presages Bad Outcome If Challenged with Ischemia.- Effects of Taurine on mRNA Levels of Nuclear Receptors and Factors Involved in Cholesterol and Bile Acid Homeostasis in Mice.- Comparison of the Effects of Taurine with Those of Related Sulfur-Containing Compounds on Pyridoxal-Induced Adrenomedullary Catecholamine Release and Glycogenolysis in the Rat.- Accumulation of Taurine in Tumor and Inflammatory Lesions.- Effects of Taurine Supplementation.- Effects of Garlic Powder and Taurine Supplementation on Abdominal Fat, Muscle Weight, and Blood Amino Acid Pattern in Ovariectomized Rats.- Effects of Garlic Powder and Soy Protein Supplementation on Blood Lipid Profiles and Amino Acid Concentrations in Postmenopausal Hyperlipidemic Model Rats.- The Effect of Dietary Taurine Supplementation on Plasma and Liver Lipid Concentrations and Free Amino Acid Concentrations in Rats Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet.- The Effect of Dietary Taurine Supplementation on Plasma and Liver Lipid Concentrations and Mineral Metabolism in Rats Fed Alcohol.- Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Cholesterol Levels with Potential Ramification in Atherosclerosis.- Taurine in Heart and Muscles.- Molecular Mechanisms of Cardioprotection by Taurine on Ischemia-Induced Apoptosis in Cultured Cardiomyocytes.- Myogenic Induction of Taurine Transporter Prevents Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy.- Minimizes Lactic Acidosis and Preserves CKMB and Myocardial Contractility after Ischemia/Reperfusion.- Taurine Addition to St Thomas’ Solution Prevents DNA Oxidative Stress and Maintains Contractile Function.- Taurine in Brain and Retina.- The Effect of Oxidative Stress on the Transport of Taurine in an in Vitro Model of the Blood-Brain Barrier.- Neuroprotection by Taurine and Taurine Analogues.- Taurine Transporter Regulation in Hippocampal Neurons.- Taurine and Brain Excitability.- Central Nervous System Effects.- Systemically Administered Taurine Protects in Hypothermia and Normothermia.- Systemically Administered Taurine: Pharmacologically Activated Mechanisms.- Effects of Taurine on Cerebral Blood Flow Perfusion, Cell Apoptosis, and Infarct Volume in Acute Cerebral Ischemic Rats.- The Mechanisms of Taurine’s Protective Action against Acute Guanidino Neurotoxicity.- Properties of Basal Taurine Release in the Rat Striatum in Vivo.- Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Taurine in Vivo.- Taurine Participates in the Anticonvulsive Effect of Electroacupuncture.- Involvement of Taurine in Cerebral Ischemia and Electroacupuncture Anti-Ischemia.- Mechanisms of Long-Lasting Enhancement of Corticostriatal Neurotransmission by Taurine.- Increased GAD-Positive Neurons in the Cortex of Taurine-Fed Mice.- Taurine Concentration in Human Gliomas and Meningiomas: Tumoral, Peritumoral, and Extratumoral Tissue.- Taurine Transport and Transporter Localization in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Controls and Major Depression Patients.- Retina and Optic Tectum Interact to Modulate Taurine Effect on Goldfish and Rat Retinal Explants Outgrowth.- Neuritic Outgrowth from Goldfish Retinal Explants, Interaction of Taurine and Zinc.- Taurine Derivatives.- Taurine, Taurine Analogues, and Taurine Functions: Overview.- Taurine Analogues and Taurine Transport: Therapeutic Advantages.- Taurine, Taurine Analogues, and Mitochondrial Function and Dysfuntion.- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Taurine Derivatives (Taurine Chloramine, Taurine Bromamine, and Taurolidine) are Mediated by Different Mechanisms.- Taurine Chloramine Inhibits the Production of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Anion by Modulating Specific Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases.- Anti-Neurotoxic Effects of Tauropyrone, a Taurine Analogue.- Taurinamide Derivatives — Drugs With the Metabolic Type of Action.- Potential Antiatherosclerotic Drugs: Novel N-Substituted Taurinamide Derivatives.- Antihypoxic Properties of Taurinamide Derivatives: The Experimental Study.- The Influence of a Taurinamide Derivative on Skin Wound Healing in Rats: The Experimental Study.- Cardioprotective Effect of Taurhythman: The Experimental Study.- Neuroprotective Effect of a New Taurinamide Derivative — Taurepar.