Sustainable Water Quality Management Policy: The Role of Trading: The U.S. Experience

ISBN-13: 9789401780773 / Angielski / Miękka / 2014 / 142 str.

C Pharino

Opis

After the success of the Acid Rain Program, pollution trading became a more acceptable policy in dealing with pollution problems. Trading of pollution credits and allowances helps to achieve environmental goals faster and more co- effectively. Although for the past 20 years water pollution trading had been in effect for as long as air pollution trading, many water quality trading programs as compared to air pollution trading programs lack success in the implementation of trading. The motivation factor for my work came from an interest in learning and understanding what the differences were that culminated in different levels of success being achieved between water pollution trading programs and air pollution trading programs. Moreover, another incentive was not only to understand what the role of trading should be for managing water quality, but also how to better improve the water quality trading programs in order to become successful. This book focuses on the examination of problems existing within a mark- based system for water pollution control policy in the United States, and provides essential information for introducing market-based instruments for water quality management, presents general situations where trading may or may not work, and offers a recommendation for those interested in developing new water trading programs as a suitable option for solving localized water pollution, for ?ne-tuning the system after implementation, and for overcoming trading obstacles. The book is divided into 5 chapters."

Spis treści

CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND; 1.1 Definition of Water Quality and Water Pollution; 1.2 Water Quality Regulation and Policy Reviews; 1.3 Introduction to Water Quality Trading; CHAPTER 2 CONCEPT, FRAMEWORK AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR WATER QUALITY; 2.1. Concept about Tradable Permit Systems; 2.2 Framework for Establishing WQT Systems; 2.3 Considerations in Establishing Tradable Permit Schemes; CHAPTER 3 OVERVIEW OF OBSERVATIONS IN WATER QUALITY TRADING; 3.1 Overview of Water Trading Programs in the U.S.; 3.2 Observations Derived from Trading Programs; CHAPTER 4 THE ROLE OF TRADING; 4.1 A Specific Role of Trading in WQT programs; 4.2 Important Barriers Hindering the Role of Trading; 4.3 Generic Roles of Water Quality Trading; CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION; 5.1 What distinguishes the success of one WQT program vs. another; 5.2 How well do the WQT programs within the U.S. perform?; 5.3 Why did WQT programs fail to have active trading; 5.4 What should the roles of trading be in water quality management? ; 5.5 What is the suggested guidance for designing WQT programs; 5.6 What are the recommended approaches for promoting a WQT implementation; REFERENCES; APPENDIX; Appendix Summary Details of Water Quality Trading Programs; Appendix A- 1: Part I Regarding Activity, Type of Participants, Pollutants and Market Structure; Appendix A-2: Part II Regarding Size of Watershed, Number of PS, Trading Ratio, Number of Trade, and Characteristics of Participants; Appendix A-3: Part III Regarding TMDL in the Program and Cost-Saving; Appendix A-4: Summary of Analysis Results from Appendix A-1, A-2, A-3; References.