Surveying for Archaeologists and Other Fieldworkers

ISBN-13: 9781138817937 / Angielski / Miękka / 2016 / 334 str.

A. H. a. Hogg

Opis

Although the preparation of plans is an essential part of the work of a field archaeologist or excavator, many University Departments of Archaeology give very little attention to surveying, regarding it as a subject which should either be left to technicians or picked up during work in the field. As a result, some archaeologists do not even realise that their survey techniques are unsatisfactory. Others, driven by the requirements of their work, devise idiosyncratic methods which are inherently liable to inaccuracy and unnecessarily laborious.

The object of this book is to enable archaeologists, even without relevant training, to deal with any problem in surveying. The book is arranged by technique for ease of reference. Thus one part is devoted to Chain Surveying, which has evolved over centuries into the simplest and quickest way of making accurate plans for most types of site; but methods of reconnaissance and of rough survey are also described. Since instrumental work is sometimes necessary, details are given of the construction and use of the Level and of the Theodolite and Tacheometer. Simple but accurate methods those not requiring a computer are described for plotting from oblique aerial photographs, and although numerical calculations are seldom needed in archaeological surveys, there are occasions when they can save considerable time and labour, so fully worked examples are given of all relevant calculations, with alternatives according to whether logarithms or an electronic calculator are available."

Spis treści

Preface  Part 1: Introduction  1. General Discussion  2. The Basic Principles  Part 2: Chain Surveying  3. Equipment  4. The Elements of Chain Survey  5. An Imaginary Survet  6. Plotting and Finishing the Plan  7. Problems and Precautions  8. Single-handed Chain Surveying  Part 3: The Level  9. The Level: General Description  10. The Level: Observation and Booking  11. The Level: Applications  Part 4: The Theodolite or Tacheometer  12. The Theodolite: Essential Details  13. The Theodolite: Observation and Booking  14. Tacheometry  15. Setting Out a Rectangle  Part 5: Numerical and Semi-graphical Methods  16. Introduction and Basic Formulae  17. Applications, Including Semi-graphical Methods  18. Miscellaneous Calculation  19. The Traverse  20. The Polygonal Network  Part 6: Miscellaneous Techniques  21. Plotting from Oblique Aerial Photographs  22. Other Applications of Photography  23. The Plane Table  24. Underground Surveying  Part 7: Reconnaissance and Rough Surveys  25. The Ordnance Survey and Reconnaissance  26. Rough Surveys  Part 8: Recapitulation  27. Excavation 28. Part-time Fieldwork. Appendices

O autorze

A.H.A. Hogg