Surfactant Replacement Therapy: In Neonatal and Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

ISBN-13: 9783642733079 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 378 str.

Burkhard Lachmann

Opis

I am very happy and honoured to have so many famous contrib utors from around the world presenting their knowledge and experience in this book, including Dr. Rufer who, as early as 1967, attempted to improve the pressure-volume curve of a child dying from RDS using dried surfactant from dogs; Drs. Enhorn ing and Robertson who were the first to treat rabbit fetuses with surfactant replacement and impressively demonstrated that sur factant improved lung mechanics; and Dr. Fujiwara who at the end of the 1970's had already successfully treated the first babies with surfactant replacement and published this work al ready in 1980. Thus, the idea of surfactant replacement therapy is now more or less 20 years old and almost 10 years have passed since the first publication by Dr. Fujiwara of his impressive clinical results. Up to now (September, 1988) about 2,200 babies have been treated worldwide with tracheal instillation of surfactant, with most promising results. The type of surfactant used varies from pure natural extracts from bovine or pig lungs, to surfactant extracted from human amniotic fluid, to pure phospholipids. To date, however, there is still no surfactant commercially available (except in Japan), in spite of the fact that it is urgently awaited by neonatologists and intensive care doctors throughout the world. This volume is based on the contributions presented at the international congress on Surfactant Replacement Therapy which was held in Rotterdam, The Netherlands, in November 1987."

Spis treści

Pulmonary Surfactant: Evolution of Functional Concepts.- I: Experimental Evaluation of Surfactant for Replacement Therapy.- Evaluation of Pulmonary Surfactant.- Some Remarks on the Use of Physico-Chemical Methods in Lung Surfactant Research.- In Vivo Tests for Evaluation of Pulmonary Surfactant.- Efficacy and Standardisation of SF-RI 1: A Preparation from Bovine Lung Surfactant.- Comparison Between Natural and Artificial Surfactant Preparations in Premature Rabbit Fetuses.- II: Diagnostics of Surfactant Deficiency.- Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Requirements of Perinatal Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment.- Diagnosis of Surfactant Defects in Newborn, Children and Adults in the Era of Surfactant Therapy.- Assessment of Surfactant Function by Measurement of the Pulmonary Clearance of Inhaled Tc-99m-DTPA.- Pneumotachographic Measurements of Lung Function in Preterm Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- III: Surfactant Replacement in Newborn Infants.- Factors Affecting the Response to a Postnatal Single Dose of a Reconstituted Bovine Surfactant (Surfactant TA).- A Multicenter Randomized Trial of Surfactant Replacement with Calf Lung Surfactant Extract: Effects of Pre-and Post-Ventilatory Instillation and of Multiple Doses.- The European Multicenter Trial of Surfactant Replacement in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Use of Surfactant in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Initial Experience and Problems.- Surfactant Replacement with SF-RI 1 in Premature Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Clinical Pilot Study.- Ventilator Settings After Surfactant Replacement with SF-RI 1: Clinical Experiences.- Human Surfactant from Amniotic Fluid in the Treatment of Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Clinical Response to Human Surfactant.- Human Surfactant and Calf Lung Surfactant Extract: Moderation of Respiratory Distress in Preterm Infants by a Single Prophylactic Dose in a Randomized and Controlled Clinical Trial.- Artificial Surfactant: Prophylaxis for Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Rapid Response of Oxygenation, Slow Response of Compliance After Liposomal Phospholipid Substitution in Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Impact of Surfactant Therapy on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.- Alveolar Atelectasis as a Mechanism for Infantile Apnoea: A Possible Role for Exogenous Surfactant Therapy?.- Changes in Pulmonary and Cerebral Blood Flow After Surfactant Treatment for Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- IV: Surfactant Replacement in ARDS and Other Lung Diseases.- The Future for Surfactant Therapy of the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Surfactant Replacement in Acute Respiratory Failure: Animal Studies and First Clinical Trials.- Pulmonary Surfactant Effects and Replacement in Oxygen Toxicity and Other ARDS-Type Lung Injuries.- Surfactant Replacement in Respiratory Failure Induced by Aspiration of Hydrochloric Acid in Rabbits.- Efficacy of Exogenous Surfactant in Experimental Aspiration Trauma.- Acute Effects of an Artificial Surfactant (Exosurf) Administered as an Aerosol in Sheep with Oleic Acid-Induced Lung Injury.- Discussion: What is the Surfactant of Choice for Replacement Therapy?.- V: What Happens After Surfactant Replacement Therapy?.- What Happens to Treatment Doses of Surfactant?.- Distribution of Exogenous Surfactant in Premature Lambs: High-Frequency Oscillation Ventilation Versus Conventional Mechanical Ventilation.- Immunohistochemical Study of the Distribution of Exogenous Surfactant in the Lungs of Surfactant-Deficient Rabbits Using a Monoclonal Antibody.- Immunogenicity of Surfactant and Its Implications for Replacement Therapy.- Surfactant Treatment of Newborn Rabbits Impedes Intrapulmonary Phagocytic Killing of Inhaled Group B Streptococci.- Effect of Bovine Surfactant on Mucus Secretion from Tracheal Submucosal Glands.- VI: Prospects for the Future.- The Bronchoalveolar Surfactant System Inhibits the Cardiovascular Effects of Angiotensin II, Serotonin, and Platelet-Activating Factor.- Artificial Surfactants Based on Different Hydrophobic Low-Molecular-Weight Proteins.- Reconstitution of Human Surfactant Activity Using Low-Molecular-Weight Apoproteins.- The Macromolecular Organization of Canine Lung Surfactant Protein SP 28–36: Structural Homology with the Complement Factor C1q.- Two-Step Substitution of Surfactant in Fetal Minipigs.- VII: Lipid Metabolism and Its Influence by Pharmacological Means.- Regulation of Phosphatidylcholine Synthesis in Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells.- A Controlled Trial of CPD-Choline Administration in Premature Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Effects of the ?2-Adrenoceptor-Stimulating Agent Terbutaline and Its Antagonist ICI 118.551 on Rat Lung Surfactant (Phospholipid) Metabolism.